Semaglutide belongs to a class of medications called GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonists. Semaglutide, an injectable medication, is a relatively recent addition to the arsenal of drugs available for the management of type 2 diabetes. Learning how to relax and incorporate healthy habits to help calm your body can help break the cycle of GLP-1 nausea. While this won’t affect the medication’s effectiveness, it may reduce feelings of nausea. Though there is no scientific evidence supporting the idea that changing the injection site reduces nausea, some patients have reported a possible reduction in nausea by rotating their injection sites. Preventing Constipation or Diarrhea “By lying down, it causes the food to stay in the stomach longer, which will trigger more nausea and acid reflux.”Constipation and nausea are common with GLP-1 and GIP therapies.The studies needed to have at least two treatment arms/groups, with one of the groups on either cagrilintide alone or cagrilintide/semaglutide combination (cagrisema) and the other group receiving placebo or any other active comparator medicine.Similarly, a small number of symptomatic hypoglycemic episodes occurred during the study with nine subjects (6%) taking oral semaglutide and three subjects (2%) taking placebo that were confirmed by a blood glucose test that concluded that none was severe.While hair loss is not a common side effect, gastrointestinal symptoms are.What to do if you miss a dose depends on the form you are taking, injectable or pill.Regular follow-ups and adjustments are key to managing these interactions effectively, ensuring that patients receive the maximum benefit from their treatment while minimizing risks.Although patients typically increase their dosage as they progress along their treatment plan, it doesn’t always apply to every patient. A substantial amount of unmeasured confounding, though, would be required to negate the treatment effect estimates observed in this study. In addition, unmeasured confounding, especially the degree of motivation for weight loss, may exist. Sensitivity analyses using inverse probability of treatment weighting produced very similar results (eFigure 4 and eFigure 6 in Supplement 2). Durations (overweight/obesity and T2D) refer to time (years) since first evidence in electronic health record. GLP-1 RA refers to both GLP-1 RA and GLP-1 RA/gastric inhibitory polypeptide agonist medications. It is important for individuals experiencing severe gastrointestinal side effects to consult their healthcare provider for further evaluation and management. Other gastrointestinal side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. However, other studies have suggested a potential increased risk of heart failure with Semaglutide use. After the first month, maintaining momentum is key to weight loss maintenance.Some people notice that their belly looks swollen or misshapen, or they may experience sharp abdominal pain.Randomised controlled trials have shown that high-fibre, oat-based meals can increase GLP-1 and PYY levels, enhance fullness, and reduce subsequent energy intake compared with low-fibre cereals.Some of these secondary effects have been scientifically verified, while others are still just anecdotal.This new class of drugs, the GLP-1 agonists, has been used for diabetes treatment since 2005, but they only have gotten approval for obesity treatment in the last decade.Your doctor will gradually increase your dosage until you reach a maintenance dose.GLP-1 agonists have been used to treat type 2 diabetes for about two decades.The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author. Take charge of your gut health on GLP-1 medications with expert dietary support A study conducted in December 2022, meanwhile, found that participants on semaglutide lost more body fat than body mass. Participants lost an average of 15 percent of their body weight with semaglutide. As your body will need to adjust to semaglutide, your doctor will typically start you off on a low dose. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and risk of acute pancreatitis in patients with type 2 diabetes. People online have shared that they experienced a drop in their appetite, as well as nausea, fatigue, and headache. For anyone considering taking semaglutide, they must be wondering what they can expect in your first week on the drug. Other possible reasons are that the food you eat interacts with semaglutide or you lack physical activity. Your doctor will gradually increase your dosage until you reach a maintenance dose. If "Ozempic face" side effects are significant, they can be treated with plastic surgery. If weight is lost in a more gradual way, these changes may not be as noticeable. Some GLP-1 agonists have the same generic name but are marketed under a different brand name and are approved for a different purpose, depending on the dose and how they are taken. This will make it easier for you as you use this medication. Pay attention to what you eat and listen to your body. Drink plenty of water, as this helps your stomach work well and can help lower some side effects. By finding the right mix of moving and resting, you can take good care of your health and stay on track with your treatment. Sleep helps fight tiredness, lifts your mood, and supports your weight management. However, many patients still struggle to achieve optimal glycaemic control . A wide variety of therapies are currently available for the management of T2D, including oral (e.g. metformin and sulphonylurea) and injectable (e.g. insulin) drugs. Twelve studies were included in this review (6840 participants). All oral semaglutide groups had a significant reduction in HBA1c levels in a dose-dependent manner with reductions of 0.4%, 0.9%, 1.2%, 1.4%, and 1.6% for the 2.5-mg, 5-mg, 10-mg, 20-mg, and 40-mg standard groups, respectively. A similar trend was observed in the Cmax of oral semaglutide at day 10 where the mean estimated ratio was 0.92 (90% CI 0.60–1.40) for the mild group, 0.85 (90% CI 0.55–1.30) for the moderate group, and 0.88 (90% CI 0.61–0.28) for the severe group when compared to the normal hepatic group. A study conducted by Baekdal et al. assessed the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of oral semaglutide in subjects with hepatic impairment. Throughout the study, oral semaglutide was well tolerated with a total of 53 AEs documented from 25 subjects across all renal function groups. The results showed that there was no consistent pattern of increase or decrease in oral semaglutide exposure (area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to 24 h after the tenth dose AUC24,Day10 and maximum plasma concentration 0–24 h after the tenth dose Cmax,Day10) by renal function group on day 10 (Table 3). As we continue to gather long-term data on Semaglutide, it’s imperative to remain vigilant about its potential long-term effects. Additionally, the exploration of Semaglutide’s application in other therapeutic areas opens new avenues for treatment. The potential for new formulations, such as oral versions, and extended-release options, could significantly improve patient adherence and satisfaction. PCOS is a major cause of infertility in women of reproductive age, with oral contraceptives being commonly used for treatment. The FLOW clinical trial investigated whether semaglutide can slow the progression of CKD in people with T2DM. Simulations suggested that this microsphere formulation could allow for once-monthly human dosing while maintaining effective drug levels, potentially reducing adverse side effects. Side Effect Comparison for Treatment Selection Wegovy® and Ozempic® are once-weekly injectable medications that come in easy-to-use prefilled pens. Adjustments are also considered if there are changes in your overall health, such as starting new medications or dealing with a new medical condition. Sometimes, these doses will even be used for maintenance when you’ve reached your desired weight. The dose of semaglutide can be adjusted based on individual needs. The typical maintenance dose for Ozempic® is up to 2 mg once weekly, while Rybelsus®, the oral version, is taken daily at doses up to 14 mg. How long does nausea last in GLP-1? Managing semaglutide means you need to know both what is good about it and what side effects it can have. The use of semaglutide may be hard for people who already have some health problems. There could be adverse effects on the baby's growth inside the womb. Special groups of people need to be careful before starting semaglutide therapy. Weekly dosing supports steadier glycemic control compared to older treatments. Semaglutide’s success has led to growing interest in its long-term benefits and its role in reducing obesity-related health risks, including cardiovascular disease. They may recommend adjusting your dose or trying a different medication. Semaglutide Immediate Side Effects vs Long-Term Wegovy® is the only one that’s FDA-approved for weight loss. Both medications follow a similar step-up dosing schedule. While not officially approved for weight loss, it’s sometimes prescribed off-label for that purpose. Wegovy® is FDA-approved for weight management in adults who meet the same BMI requirements as those taking Ozempic® for weight loss. Ozempic® is also commonly prescribed off-label for weight loss. Digestive enzyme supplements may help manage gastrointestinal symptoms, but you should consult your doctor before adding these to your diet. While hair loss is not a common side effect, gastrointestinal symptoms are. Fatigue, depression, and headaches can be side effects of Semaglutide use. While the side effects only impact a small number of users, if you are one of the unfortunate few, there is little you can do to stop them. Side effects include headache, overstimulation, high blood pressure, insomnia, rapid or irregular heart rate, and tremor. This medication is not appropriate for those with hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, or heart disease or who have had a stroke. The more recently approved tirzepatide is approved only for adults with a BMI of 30 or greater. Finding a medication that meets a patient’s individual needs is important for successful outcomes. Support from family, friends, healthcare providers, and patient groups is also essential in helping patients cope with the emotional and physical challenges of treatment. In some cases, healthcare providers may prescribe additional medications to manage specific symptoms. Adjusting the dosage or timing of semaglutide can also be effective in minimizing side effects. Throughout this article, we’ve examined the use of semaglutide, with a particular focus on managing its side effects, such as stomach pain and discomfort. Metabolic and cardiovascular symptoms Moreover, it was the first time that her body had been touched by a man s palm like this. While tirzepatide is still in the early stages of research, preliminary results have been promising . Semaglutide works by mimicking the effects of a hormone called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which helps regulate appetite and food intake . Many users notice improvements in blood sugar levels within weeks, while significant weight loss is typically seen after 12–16 weeks of consistent use. Semaglutide is prescribed for adults with type 2 diabetes or those who are overweight or obese with related health conditions. While side effects are a possibility, proper management, regular monitoring, and open communication with your doctor can significantly enhance your experience with the medication. By understanding its uses, side effects, and risks, you can make informed decisions about incorporating it into your healthcare plan. People with a history of pancreatitis should talk to their doctor before starting tirzepatide or semaglutide. Since tirzepatide is a newer medication, there is less long-term data on its effect on the pancreas, but it carries a similar warning. Clinical trials have shown that pancreatitis is not common, but it has been reported in some people taking GLP-1 receptor agonists, including semaglutide. Working with a provider whose background is in gastrointestinal health can be particularly beneficial, since many of GLP-1s benefits and side effects affect the digestive tract. They can advise you on the right dosage schedule, address GLP-1 nausea or any other side effects that come up, and help you stay motivated during titration. Titration, the process of slowly increasing dosage over time and only when the medication is well-tolerated, helps manage GLP-1 side effects. Oral semaglutide provides a new choice for the management of T2D and a convenient administration route for patients who prefer oral treatments over injectable therapies. Therefore, an oral formulation of semaglutide could be a superior option for patients who are hesitant to start injectable medication. For those dissatisfied with their current treatment and/or outcomes, once weekly medication such as SC semaglutide is a more attractive option and could lead to better adherence, as such patients are usually highly motivated and interested in trying a new approach . Oral semaglutide should be considered in the context of providing a variety of treatment options for adults with T2D to potentially improve treatment adherence, especially by offering an alternative for patients with a preference for oral versus injectable therapy . For MINORS, scores were reported as 0 (not reported), 1 (reported but inadequate), or 2 (Reported and adequate) with a maximum score of 24 for comparative studies. A rigorous reference search was performed for all included studies to determine if there were additional studies to include. Case reports, review articles, expert opinions, non‐English studies and articles without pre‐ and post‐intervention outcomes reported were excluded. In SUSTAIN 6, acute pancreatitis occurred in 9 semaglutide-treated patients, and in 12 placebo-treated patients. Finally, although nausea and vomiting are perhaps unwanted effects, they may also be partly responsible for aspects of the drug’s efficacy as indicated above. An effect on the central nervous system has been suggested as a recent study with modified exenatide—with reduced brain penetrance—showed less vomiting in musk shrews, despite retaining effects on glucose control (46). However, whether this is also true for the combination with semaglutide, or whether lowering the dose of metformin has effect, has not been studied. The most common adverseevents were gastrointestinal-related events, such as nausea and diarrhea.The incidences of common adverse events are summarized in Table S3. In semaglutide 2.4 mg per weekgroups, the proportions leading to discontinuation, any adverse events, andserious adverse events were 2.4%–7.0%, 81.3%–95.8%, and 7.7%–9.8% comparedto 2.2%–3.1%, 75.0%–96.1%, and 2.2%–9.8% in control groups, respectively.The detailed data are shown in Table 5. They also stated thatliraglutide 3.0 mg once daily demonstrated superior weight loss compared toother lower doses and control groups regardless of a 20-week or 104-weekduration. In semaglutide treatedgroups, the ranges of patients who had more than 5%, 10%, and 15% weight losswere 86.4% to 88.7%, 69.1% to 79.0, and 50.5% to 63.7%, while it was 31.5% to47.6%, 12.0% to 27.0%, and 4.9% to 13.2% in control groups, respectively. There were 10,938 obese/overweight adults without diabetes enrolled in these 18studies, where a total of 8797 patients completed these studies. As with any medication, understanding its side effects is crucial for both healthcare professionals and patients.Book your free consultation today to discuss which GLP-1 medication is right for your goals, budget, and lifestyle.Most were white men in their 50s, and about half had diabetes.This review investigates the side effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) like liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide, medications known for their efficacy in promoting weight loss among individuals with obesity.How does weight loss differ between patients receiving tirzepatide compared with semaglutide among a clinical population of adults with overweight or obesity?Studies focusing on pediatric or adolescent populations (under 18 years) will be excluded, as the physiological and psychological factors influencing weight management can differ significantly between children and adults.Gastrointestinal symptoms — nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation — are by far the most common side effects of GLP-1 drugs. Ongoing surveillance and research are essential to ensure that any potential risks are identified and addressed. Animal studies have suggested a possible link between GLP-1 agonists and thyroid tumors, but it’s unclear how this translates to human use over extended periods. This is especially relevant for patients with chronic kidney disease or a history of renal impairment. Ongoing research is needed to determine how long-term use of Semaglutide affects heart health, particularly in diverse populations with varying risk factors. Both tirzepatide and semaglutide are medications that help people with type 2 diabetes and obesity by improving blood sugar control and supporting weight loss.Potential areas of concern include its impact on pancreatic health, cardiovascular risks, renal function, and the development of certain types of tumors.They also come with side effects, and every so often, with genuinely serious complications.Thankfully, these adverse effects can be managed or minimized through changes in diet and lifestyle.For anyone who’s been trying to lose weight, Ozempic or Wegovy may already be well on their radar.Both tirzepatide and semaglutide are given as weekly injections under the skin (subcutaneous injection).Although the gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions of semaglutide are well known, gastroparesis is unusual. A 78-week study included subjects with T2DM uncontrolled with metformin with or without a sulfonylurea and evaluated the efficacy of oral semaglutide compared to sitagliptin. Overall, the PIONEER 1 study demonstrated superiority of oral semaglutide 3 mg, 7 mg, and 14 mg compared with placebo with regard to HbA1c and BW reduction and was considered safe and well tolerated . The occurrence of hypoglycemic events with subjects experiencing at least one severe or symptomatic hypoglycemic event was similar between oral semaglutide and placebo with 2.9%, 1.1%, and 0.6% in the oral semaglutide 3-mg, 7-mg, and 14-mg groups, respectively, compared with 0.6% on placebo. Articles relating to the clinical uses of semaglutide, mechanism of action, and pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic side effects of the drug were identified. GLP-1 receptor agonists approved in the United States for treating type 2 diabetes include exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, albiglutide, and dulaglutide.32 According to reviews, semaglutide is at least as potent and possibly even more so than other GLP-1s.38 This article will review its role, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, adverse drug reactions, and drug-drug interactions, focusing on obesity mechanisms. Dietary changes and behavior modification with regular exercise may help maintain ideal body weight.18–20 Specifically, a reduction in caloric intake and a rise in the physical movement are the cornerstones of a bodyweight management program. For this reason, many patients start at a lower dose and work up to their eventual dose. Gastrointestinal issues are the most common complaint among people who are just starting semaglutide. The most common side effects include nausea, constipation, headache, vomiting, dizziness, insomnia, dry mouth, and diarrhea. The benefit of this combination is that two medications are working together to decrease hunger and increase fullness. In the study above, 4.5% of users stopped the drugs due to side effects. From our analysis, we found that semaglutide causes few adverse events mostly related to gastrointestinal disorders, an increase in the pulse rate, and diabetic retinopathy. The estimated mean body weight change from baseline was -16.0% for semaglutide compared to -5.7% for placebo at the end of 68 weeks and there was an additional 3%-5% reduction in body weight when used in adjunct to dietary modifications . The threshold of losing more than 5%, 10%, and 15% body weight were reached by 86.4%, 69.1%, and 50.5% participants in semaglutide group when compared to 31.5%, 12.0%, and 4.9% participants in the placebo group . The estimated end results at 68 weeks were mean change in body weight of −14.9% with 2.4 mg semaglutide, as compared with −2.4% with placebo . Mean body weight in the semaglutide group, as compared with the placebo group, was 2.9 kg lower in the group receiving 0.5 mg and 4.3 kg lower in the group receiving 1.0 mg . Adverse events leading to premature trial product discontinuation were highest with oral semaglutide 14 mg (7.4%) compared with oral semaglutide 3 mg (2.3%), 7 mg (4.0%), and placebo (2.2%), respectively, and were due to GI disorders. All subjects randomized to oral semaglutide were initiated with 3 mg once daily and those patients randomized to 7 mg and 14 mg had dose escalations every 4 weeks until their designated randomized maintenance dose was achieved. Overall, this study demonstrated that oral semaglutide significantly lowered HbA1c when compared with placebo and the degree of change in HbA1c with oral semaglutide 20 mg and 40 mg was not significantly different compared to subcutaneous semaglutide . A phase II study by Davies et al. evaluated the efficacy of oral semaglutide compared to subcutaneous semaglutide on glycemic control in 632 subjects with T2DM . Overall, the results from this study appeared to match previous subcutaneous semaglutide studies and concluded that the oral administration of semaglutide does not affect the pharmacokinetics in subjects with renal impairment . By being informed and proactive about your health, you can navigate your weight loss journey with confidence and support. Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should consult their healthcare provider before starting semaglutide, as potential risks should be carefully considered. Many individuals find that side effects improve within a few weeks as their bodies adjust to the medication. What should I do if I experience side effects from semaglutide? These gastrointestinal symptoms are thought to be related to GLP-1RA activating central and peripheral GLP-1 receptors and delaying gastric emptying (25). Based on our data prediction, reports of semaglutide will continue to increase in 2022, as there are 949 cases in the first quarter of 2022 alone, which is far above the average quarterly number for 2018–2021. The median onset time of strong, moderate and weak signals related to semaglutide was 23 (IQR 2–92), 6 (IQR 0–31), and 7 (IQR 0–32.25) days, respectively. In a study using male Swiss albino mice, semaglutide reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in brain tissues during endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis, leading to improved cognitive abilities .Lose up to 20% of your body weight – and keep it offSemaglutide is available in both injectable and oral formulations.The benefit of this combination is that two medications are working together to decrease hunger and increase fullness.Across the included studies from the PIONEER programme, oral semaglutide was found to be superior to placebo and other GLP-1 RAs in terms of reducing HbA1c levels, regardless of diabetes duration.When combined into one pill, this medicine helps people lose weight.While this side effect seems disconcerting, it’s worth remembering that semaglutide and tirzepatide have overwhelmingly positive effects on heart health.At TrimRx, we are committed to providing you with the support and resources you need to embark on your weight loss journey safely and effectively.Patients are also most likely to experience problems when they start on the drug or when they step up to a higher dosage; the side effects commonly fade away as the body gets used to the medicine. She denied any previous vomiting episodes during the 7-month treatment. She had tolerated the 1 mg dose well for 4 weeks before this episode. She mentioned an episode of viral gastroenteritis with nausea and diarrhea that affected the whole family about 3 weeks before the presentation. Since starting the outpatient regimen with semaglutide, her diet had been mainly protein-based with limited carbohydrates. However, little has been reported about euglycemic ketoacidosis using glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists like semaglutide. Oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, renal impairment, or other comorbidities, and in older patients. Time-to-onset analysis for signals with strong/moderate/weak prioritization.This study provided the latest findings of semaglutide-related gastrointestinal safety profiles by post-marketing based on real-world population from FAERS database. Yes, nausea is a common side effect of semaglutide, especially at higher doses. Natural Ways to Relieve GLP-1 Nausea: Mindfulness, Relaxation, and Exercise Additionally, a recent study demonstrated improved efficacy and safety for treating patients with T2DM and severe obesity using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor therapy . Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in both injectable and oral forms, with the oral form being the first GLP-1 receptor agonist in pill form 7,8. Genetic factors contribute significantly to obesity risk, accounting for 40-70%, but their expression is greatly influenced by environmental and behavioral factors 2,4. Research has indicated weight reductions between 3 and 15 kg, with greater doses and longer treatment durations, resulting in more substantial decreases. The science is still unclear, however, as other studies have found that GLP-1 medications can actually increase testosterone levels and improve erectile dysfunction. The widespread use of semaglutide has sparked frequent heated discussions, particularly regarding its safety, on public health forums and social media. Predominant Preferred Terms (PTs) included nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Subsequently, we calculated adverse drug reaction (ADR) signals using the reporting odds ratio (ROR). On the other hand, those in the placebo group lost approximately 2.6 percent of their body weight. Participants lost on average 15 percent of their body weight. If you’re concerned about semaglutide’s safety, you can rest assured that it received FDA approval after extensive clinical studies. Overall, ten participants taking liraglutide experienced pancreatitis compared to one in the placebo group. Importantly, the incidence of cholecystitis was relatively low (≤0.6 % of participants on tirzepatide) . However, acute cholecystitis was more frequently demonstrated in the tirzepatide groups than in the placebo group (0.2–0.6 % vs 0 %). Importantly, the majority of these side effects were considered mild-moderate and transient and did not require discontinuation. Semaglutide was recently approved as a treatment for the prevention of heart attacks, and preliminary studies suggest that tirzepatide also imparts broad cardiovascular benefits. While this side effect seems disconcerting, it’s worth remembering that semaglutide and tirzepatide have overwhelmingly positive effects on heart health. While GLP-1 medications are best known for digestive problems, they also cause a handful of other side effects in a minority of users. By applying the strategies discussed in this article, patients can effectively manage side effects, alleviate discomfort, and enhance the overall effectiveness of their treatment. In conclusion, while semaglutide offers significant benefits for managing type 2 diabetes and obesity, it does come with challenges. To address further practical considerations, four clinical scenarios are described that are aimed at providing clues for the better management of GI AEs in those patients at higher risk of these complications that are going to undergo GLP-1 RA-based therapy (Table 4).Frias et al. reported that 66.3% of the patients experienced 1 or more events, with 5.2% experiencing one or more serious AEs.Over-the-counter medications for gas, diarrhea, and heartburn can also help.Most case reports show that pancreatitis is an acute complication of semaglutide use and Masson et al. found no association of increased risk of acute pancreatitis between semaglutide therapy and placebo .Anti-inflammatory agents are proposed to prevent these issues, including using antidiabetic medications with anti-inflammatory properties like semaglutide, a GLP-1 analogue.Because of different doses of semaglutide in both forms (SC and oral) in the experimental groups, subgroup analysis was performed only with placebo.The scale might move slower, but your body composition and metabolic health will be significantly better. Another limitation of this review is that the results of the PIONEER and SUSTAIN programmes should be evaluated with caution because of the study designs and differences in baseline and background medications. Gradual dose escalation of an oral semaglutide regimen is recommended, starting at 3 mg once daily for 1 month, followed by increase to 7 mg daily for the next month, and—in cases where additional glycaemic control is required—increase to 14 mg per day 9,29. Nonetheless, clinically significant reductions in HbA1c and body weight were observed with semaglutide, regardless of the method of administration. However, the researchers found that when SC semaglutide was tested against other diabetic agents, HbA1c was only reduced by 0.37% and body weight by −2.79 kg. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were systematically searched for literature published up until December 2023, to include the most current studies available on this critical topic. This approach is grounded in the understanding that despite sharing a therapeutic class, individual GLP-1 RAs can exhibit diverse biological effects and safety profiles due to their distinct molecular structures and mechanisms of action 1,4,5,6. Recent rodent studies indicate that long-term exposure to liraglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, can lead to thyroid C-cell hyperplasia and tumors due to a GLP-1 receptor-mediated mechanism in rodents, which contrasts with the lack of similar findings in primates . All doses require prescription-only assessment alongside reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. Our clinical team can assess which starting dose may suit your profile best, with express approval available in 24 hours. This paid option ensures you can start treatment quickly while maintaining full clinical oversight and safety protocols. Upgrade to express processing for 24-hour approval and faster access to your prescription-only medication. Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. As ozempic's popularity soars, here's what to know about semaglutide and weight loss. Potential adverse events reported with the janus kinase inhibitors approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis using spontaneous reports and online patient reviews. Non-drug steps come first, but if nausea threatens adherence, clinicians can add targeted therapies. Adjusting the dose or injection day, staying hydrated with electrolyte fluids, and tracking triggers usually resolve symptoms within two weeks. Semaglutide slows stomach emptying, which is why up to 44 % of users report nausea. Semaglutide may affect the way some medicines work and some medicines may affect the way semaglutide works. Oral semaglutide doses were initiated at 5 mg during week 1, increasing to 10 mg during week 2, to 20 mg at week 3, and to 40 mg at week 5. The healthy subjects were randomized to oral semaglutide 20 mg and 40 mg once daily with SNAC 300 mg and subjects with T2DM received oral semaglutide 40 mg once daily with SNAC 300 mg. In this study, healthy male subjects (Table 1) were randomized to one of three parts; part 1a consisted of four ascending dose groups of SNAC, part 1b included three additional dose groups, and part 2 included three of the doses utilized in part 1 that were selected to be repeated in part 2 in a parallel design. This determined that 300 mg of SNAC proved the most appropriate amount of SNAC to enhance absorption of the oral semaglutide formulation . Popular weight-loss medications such as semaglutide (Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Zepbound) look like a promising option for people with HIV who gain weight while taking antiretroviral therapy, according to studies presented at recent conferences. Both tirzepatide and semaglutide are powerful medications used to help manage type 2 diabetes and promote weight loss. Both semaglutide and tirzepatide help people with type 2 diabetes and obesity by improving blood sugar control and promoting weight loss. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to synthesise the research on direct comparative studies between tirzepatide and semaglutide on weight loss among patients with type 2 diabetes. This systematic review compares two prevalent GLP‐1RAs, tirzepatide and semaglutide, with their weight loss effects and rates of adverse events (AEs). Most people don’t see major weight loss during the first week, and that’s perfectly normal. While the typical dose of semaglutide for weight management is 2.4 milligrams, your first dose will be on the lower side, usually around 0.25 mg. Starting semaglutide for weight loss is a significant step toward better health. It will take more studies to determine the exact cause of nausea among semaglutide users. Research shows that patients with higher doses of Ozempic tend to experience nausea more. Continue prioritizing protein throughout your entire weight loss journey and into maintenance. How long should I maintain high protein intake while on these medications? Adequate protein ensures more of your weight loss comes from fat stores rather than lean tissue. Can I get enough protein from food alone, or do I need supplements while on GLP-1 medications? For the STEP 4 analyses, while the randomization to continued semaglutide or placebo was double‐blinded, participants were aware of this randomized withdrawal trial design, which could influence AE reporting. While physicians must establish a differential diagnosis to exclude other potential causes of GI symptoms (particularly if symptoms are prolonged/severe), adopting strategies to mitigate the impact of GI AEs and aid resolution is important to optimize persistence with GLP‐1RA treatment. STEP 4 provides additional insight and reassurance on the GI tolerability profile of semaglutide 2.4 mg. GI AEs were most prevalent during or shortly after dose escalation, declining in prevalence thereafter. For example, metformin can cause GI side effects. Often treatment for GERD like symptoms can stop the vomiting. Treatment includes the usual treatment of constipation. No foods are strictly “off-limits” when taking Ozempic or Wegovy—in other words, there’s nothing to worry about that could prevent the medication from working normally. Constipation May Persist with Semaglutide Treatment Constipation may last longer than other GI side effects, consistent with the more chronic nature of this condition and the fact that it’s often due to other factors. Data are on‐treatment adverse events (participants were considered to be on treatment if any dose of trial product was administered within the previous 49 days) Data are on‐treatment adverse events (participants were considered to be on treatment if any dose of trial product was administered within the previous 49 days). In STEP 2, semaglutide 2.4 mg was compared with placebo or semaglutide 1.0 mg, plus lifestyle intervention (as semaglutide 1.0 mg was not developed for weight management, data for this dose are included in File S1). This phase is temporary, and weight loss will likely occur as your body adjusts to the medication. During the first week of semaglutide treatment, your body is primarily adjusting to the medication. Simultaneously, semaglutide suppresses glucagon secretion by pancreatic α-cells, contributing to improved glycemic control 8-10. Upon binding to GLP-1R, semaglutide leads to increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, activating protein kinase A (PKA). At the molecular level, semaglutide's mechanism of action involves the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), a G-protein coupled receptor . As a result, semaglutide incorporates two amino acid substitutions (Aib8, Arg34) and is modified at lysine 26 . In developing semaglutide, prioritizing the fatty acid moiety and linking chemistry was crucial for achieving high albumin affinity and GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) potency, enabling prolonged exposure of the GLP-1 analogue. However, despite initially showing the highest persistence rate among all antiobesity medications (AOM), the persistence rate of semaglutide dropped by more than half to 40% after 1 year of treatment. Regarding the safety outcomes of gastrointestinal adverse drug events (ADEs), orally administered semaglutide showed statistically similar associations with the injectable formulation (Nuhoho et al., 2019). Furthermore, as semaglutide’s popularity increases for weight loss, the heightened demand has resulted in supply issues across various licensed products, including those for diabetes treatment. Several studies have reported associations between semaglutide and ADR signals related to gastrointestinal, retinal, and tumor adverse events (Shu et al., 2022; Fadini et al., 2018; Yang et al., 2022). Shu et al. 2022 found severe gastrointestinal adverse events (AEs) related to semaglutide treatment were reported in 1,778 GI cases and 3,601 overall cases, resulting in 40 (2.25%) and 102 (2.83%) deaths, respectively . Below is a breakdown of typical doses for each semaglutide medication, along with instructions on how and when they may be adjusted. The correct dose will help you lose weight consistently at a healthy rate, approximately 1 to 2 pounds per week, and minimize side effects. But taking GLP-1 medications, like Ozempic® or another medication that contains semaglutide, its active ingredient, isn’t the same for everyone. They’ve become a game-changer for many people, offering real, sustained weight loss when lifestyle changes alone haven’t been enough. Wegovy® (semaglutide) injection 1.7 mg or 2.4 mg is used with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity to help children 12 years and older with obesity to lose weight and keep the weight off For the non‐T2DM cohort, Anson et al. reported no statistically significant difference between the tirzepatide and semaglutide groups in clinically significant hypoglycaemia or acute pancreatitis rates. Frias et al. reported that 66.3% of the patients experienced 1 or more events, with 5.2% experiencing one or more serious AEs. The authors used brand as a proxy for the target dose, although they recognised that patients in both groups may have received higher or lower doses than the standard doses. Table 1 provides an overview of the clinical trials key study characteristics included in this systematic review. Subcutaneous Semaglutide injection contains human GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide. GLP-1 is known to be a physiological hormone with several functions on glucose, acted and regulated by GLP-1 receptors.43 The concept of extension consequential in the long half-life of semaglutide is the binding of albumin that eventually leads to lowering renal clearance and defense from metabolic deprivation. Conducted finished clinical trials with semaglutide resulted in a higher interest in GLP-1-based methods. Specifically, we assessed data from systematic reviews and meta-analyses, RCTs, and prospective and retrospective cohort studies. We searched various databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar for related studies these database inceptions to December 1, 2023. Financially, obesity contributes to $480.7 billion in direct health care costs in the United States and is estimated to result in an additional indirect cost of $1.24 trillion attributed to lost economic productivity . Clinical evidence is limited, but anecdotal reports underscore the need for vigilance, especially in people with prior mood disorders. Some users report anxiety or changes in mood while on the medication. Human causation remains unproven, but the drug is contraindicated in people with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Some people experience appetite suppression immediately, while others take longer to adjust. Missing doses or stopping early can slow your progress and make it harder to control appetite. Even low-impact activities like walking or strength training can boost fat loss and prevent muscle loss as you drop weight. Not everyone sees the same results on Semaglutide—some people notice changes immediately, while others take longer. Only RCTs that evaluated cagrilintide alone or cagrilintide with semaglutide fixed-dose combination (cagrisema) in the treatment arm were considered for this meta-analysis. Hence, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cagrilintide and cagrisema as anti-obesity medications. Targeting amylin for weight loss has led to the development of pramlintide, a synthetic analogue primarily used for glycaemic control in diabetes. GLP-1 side effects can come along and spoil the fun. They help lower blood sugar (glucose) and manage type 2 diabetes. For some people, GLP-1 meds can work wonders. Upon completion of the study, there was an average weight loss of about 17.3% in the semaglutide group and 2% in the placebo group.9 The STEP 1 trial extension, conducted by Wilding et al, followed patients after the STEP 1 trial until week 120.These pharmacies make versions of medicines, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide.Studies have shown that GLP-1 RAs can reduce appetite and food cravings, leading to weight loss as well.STEP 4 was not included in the pooled analysis because of the differences in study design.It works by mimicking the effects of the naturally occurring hormone GLP-1, which plays a pivotal role in regulating blood sugar levels and appetite.It is also responsible for less severe side effects, such as gastrointestinal discomfort.One case of acute constipation induced by semaglutide injection J .There has also been some concern that some of the side effects could increase the risk of pancreatic cancer, but so far, studies have not shown that to be the case. All of the disproportionality signals had early failure type features, suggesting that the risk of gastrointestinal AEs occurrence gradually decreased over time. The GLP-1medications function by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin, which helps lower blood sugar. You might be familiar with these drugs under names like semaglutide, tirzepatide, dulaglutide, exenatide, or liraglutide. However, it’s also important to be aware of potential side effects and when they’re most likely to occur during the treatment process. Despite the proven efficacy of semaglutide for weight loss and glycemic control, certain research limitations must be acknowledged. However, the potential of semaglutide extends beyond weight control, as it exhibits promise for reducing cardiovascular risk along with providing hepatoprotective and neuroprotective benefits 8,36. Patients with obesity maintained their weight when semaglutide was administered with a high-calorie diet. Wilding et al. reported a 15.3 kg weight loss in the treatment group vs. a 2.6 kg loss in the placebo group over 68 weeks . Such characteristics of oral semaglutide may improve and increase its use compared to subcutaneous agents and possibly lead to earlier cardiovascular protection in addition to achieving glycemic control. In the PIONEER trials, oral semaglutide effectively lowered blood glucose levels, and showed benefits on weight and cardiovascular outcomes; however, there is no Food and Drug Administration indication approved yet as the SOUL trial is still ongoing. There are numerous treatment options currently available for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, a multitude of patients continue to have inadequately controlled glycemic levels with their current antihyperglycemic regimen. Semaglutide is a powerful tool for managing diabetes and weight, but it comes with a range of side effects that users should be prepared for. Regular blood sugar monitoring and adjusting other diabetes medications under medical supervision can help prevent hypoglycemia. A systematic review and network meta-analysis published in 2014 revealed that, all GLP-1RAs dose regimens distinctly increased the incidence of gastrointestinal AEs compared with placebo or conventional treatment (7). The most common adverse events (AEs) reported with GLP-1RAs were gastrointestinal disorders, such as nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, etc (7–9). Recently, in June 2021, the FDA approved semaglutide again for long-term weight management in obesity or overweight adults, which was the second GLP-1RA to be approved for weight loss after liraglutide. Four studies were included, and a random‐effects model meta‐analysis was conducted on estimated treatment differences, favouring tirzepatide over semaglutide. Four studies, with 28,827 patients (14,870 tirzepatide/13,928 semaglutide), mean age of 55.7 years (52.0 to 63.7) and mean follow‐up of 35.9 weeks (23.6 to 44.6), were included in this study. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) have emerged as an efficacious treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and have demonstrated substantial weight loss effects. The study encompassed 7 reviews and 10 RCTs, revealing that semaglutide induced average weight loss 11.71 kg −13.16, −10.26 in non-diabetic obese patients, a 12.79% reduction −14.4, −11.18. If you’re exploring GLP-1 medications, it’s helpful to understand how semaglutide stacks up against other options like tirzepatide, liraglutide, and dulaglutide.Although other significant risks can be considered negligible based on this study results on semaglutide, other GLP-1 RAs can determine different outcomes.Pratley et al. showed a moderate risk of reporting bias, potentially resulting from selective outcome reporting .Novel agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.Sometimes, patients tell her they've had a history of disordered eating, in which case she recommends they speak with a behavioral psychologist on staff.The main search terms included "semaglutide and obesity", "semaglutide", and "obesity".In 2023, it was approved for weight loss.For 3 mg dose, pay as little as $25 each month.Fertility can improve with weight loss and improved metabolic health, and some people conceive unexpectedly. As a result, the use of semaglutide in obesity management is relatively novel, and like any novel drug, unexpected and potentially harmful side effects can be uncovered with more widespread use. Thus, semaglutide is now the active ingredient in the well-known obesity-licensed medication Wegovy, licensed in the US and UK in 2021 and 2024, respectively . This led to an update in the guidelines from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of diabetes to recommend the use of semaglutide in any diabetic patient with or at increased risk of cardiovascular disease . In addition, trials have shown semaglutide to be efficacious in reducing the rate of non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal cerebrovascular events, and cardiovascular death in T2DM patients . Moreover, she had recently started subcutaneous semaglutide injections for weight loss, which she had procured from one of her acquaintances without seeking medical advice. In fact, 24.7 % participants experienced nausea at week 4, 14.7 % at week 8, and 5.5 % at week 56 . Most participants experienced nausea in the first 4–8 weeks, and this percentage progressively decreased with time. There was a significantly greater reduction in glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure with the three GLP-1RA as compared to the placebo groups. No matter how GLP-1 nausea manifests, there are ways to manage this side effect. Depending on the individual, drug, and dosage, GLP-1 nausea can be persistent or infrequent, mild or severe. But GLP-1s also come with some tricky-to-manage side effects. Fortunately, there are strategies to manage GLP-1 nausea and prevent future bouts. The quality was downgraded because of high heterogeneity across studies. Understanding these interactions is key to ensuring that Semaglutide is both safe and effective for patients. The effectiveness and safety of any medication can be influenced by its interactions with other drugs. A personalized approach to treatment, considering the unique characteristics of each patient, is paramount. As children and adolescents have different physiological and metabolic profiles compared to adults, cautious approach and further research are needed to understand how Semaglutide affects this population. For example, certain populations may have a higher predisposition to developing specific side effects or may require adjustments in dosing for optimal effectiveness. Our clinical team can assess which treatment may be more suitable based on your medical history and side effect concerns. Semaglutide works through GLP-1 receptor activation and commonly causes nausea, constipation, and potential fatigue. Safe, effective, and medically supervised treatments tailored to your unique needs Kim et al. provide a comprehensive evaluation of the economic viability of semaglutide 2.4 mg as a long-term weight management therapy. The 20-week duration of the study limits the understanding of long-term effects, although the short-term findings are promising . The study used paracetamol absorption after a standardized breakfast to assess gastric emptying but did not directly measure gastric emptying with semaglutide. This double-blind, parallel-group trial with 72 adults found that semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced energy intake by 35% compared to placebo, improved control of eating, and reduced food cravings. This research article focuses on understanding the mechanism and forms of semaglutide therapy, efficacy, contraindications, any adverse effects and common drug interactions. While semaglutide therapy for diabetes mellitus has been established, there is a need for extensive research on repurposing semaglutide in neurodegenerative disease treatment. The findings of this article emphasize the need for a cross-disciplinary approach to understand the molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of semaglutide on patients with complex medical histories and treatment regimens. Once-weekly 2.4 mg semaglutide may become essential in the treatment of people with obesity or overweight with or without T2D, because it directly addresses the pathophysiological link between obesity and T2D. Compared with previous clinical trials with GLP-1 RAs, no additional safety signals (e.g. retinopathy) have emerged from the STEP clinical programme.42,50–54,59–61,66 Globally, patients treated with 2.4 mg semaglutide in the STEP clinical programme have discontinued the treatment due to adverse events at a higher rate (7%) than those on placebo (3.1%), primarily due to GI adverse events (4.5% versus 0.8%).42,51–54,59–61,66 Reducing portions sizes and avoiding fatty foods may also help.42,51–54,59–61,66 These GI side effects, along with slow gastric emptying, cannot, however, be considered responsible for the drug's effect on weight loss.66 Like the other GLP-1 RAs, semaglutide has a black box warning for medullary thyroid carcinoma (although thyroid cancers have not been reported in human trials) and should not be used in patients with a personal or family history of medullary carcinoma or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome. As noticed in other trials, GI adverse events were mild to moderate and occurred in 82.8% of people in the semaglutide group and 63.2% of the placebo group; 3.4% of participants on semaglutide discontinued the treatment because of these events.53 “Staying upright for at least 30 minutes after eating is very helpful to avoid nausea because it more easily allows the food to pass through the stomach using gravity,” says Currier. This food journal can also be helpful to your healthcare providers, who can use food logs to help you identify what eating habits are leading to nausea. To discover what foods or eating habits trigger GLP-1 nausea, you can keep a food log where you document what you eat, when and how much you eat, and how you feel after. Drugs like Ozempic, Wegovy and Mounjaro do come with reported side effects. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment, and personalized medical recommendations. Studies show similar rates, but some patients find tablets easier if injection-site anxiety worsens symptoms. But after going off the medication, Bader gained back the weight she lost while on Ozempic, which subsequently intensified her binge eating disorder. Shah said she commonly has to advise patients to take multivitamins or protein supplements in addition to the medication because they aren't getting the nutrients they need from food. These side effects can sometimes get better over time but, Shah said, at least 10% of patients who start these drugs have to be taken off of them because the side effects do not improve. As a board-certified medical weight loss clinic serving Jacksonville and the greater Florida area, we help patients navigate this decision daily. Both have transformed weight loss treatment, but which one is right for you? Yes, both tirzepatide and semaglutide carry a risk of pancreatitis, though it is rare. Both medications can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and reduced appetite. I really haven't had any side effects. “I felt very confident in the consistency of the medication. “What I liked about Remote Pharmacy is that the doctor doesn't just prescribe medication at their own will. Once approved, your payment will be processed and your medication will ship to your door within days. Once you’ve received doctor approval, we will process your payment and ship your medication. Some of these side effects are common and expected, while others may be surprising. The datasets used and/or analysed in the current study are available upon reasonable request. Second, two non‐RCTs were included in this study, which may introduce bias that can affect the meta‐analysis results. The results from this study must be analysed within the context of its limitations. Additionally, more head‐to‐head studies will better characterise the effect of one GLP‐1 RA over another. Along with digestive changes, some people taking semaglutide report shifts in energy, sleep, or mood, especially during the first few weeks of treatment or when increasing the dose. The table below highlights how often these side effects have been reported in clinical trials across different semaglutide medications, and some tips on how to manage them. Side effects with semaglutide are most common when you’re first starting the medication or increasing to a higher dose.