Craig Robinson lost approximately 50 pounds during his weight loss journey. While Robinson’s 50-pound weight loss represents remarkable progress, he’s quick to emphasize that his health journey continues. By his estimation, cutting out alcohol alone accounted for the first pounds of weight loss, creating momentum that would propel him through the rest of his transformation. BDO gives you access to innovative new approaches to the health information you need in everyday language so you can break through the disparities, gain control and live your life to its fullest. To further combat the challenges to building trust and information exchange, leaders can employ communication technologies (Hedlund, Ilgen, & Hollenbeck, 1998; Mittleman & Briggs, 1999). To mitigate the challenges in building trust and related constructs, such as cohesion, leaders should facilitate swift trust (Zaccaro et al., 2004). As such, there has been sparse development of context-specific leadership frameworks that apply only to virtual teams (for an exception, see Avolio et al., 2001). (1964) Exchange and power in social life. Specifically, there continues to be a need for research that enhances our understanding of (1) LMX development and change/maintenance over time and (2) the way in which the constellation of social network relationships influences specifics LMX dyads. We contend that a much more productive approach is to examine leader–member agreement as a meaningful variable that has great potential for expanding knowledge of relationships between leaders and followers (see Cogliser, Schriesheim, Scandura, & Gardner, 2009, for an excellent example). As noted frequently by editors and reviewers, a viable explanation for significant correlations based on same-source data is that overall attitude or affect influences responses to questions measuring both variables. Finally, most LMX studies, even those containing multi-source data, include antecedent–LMX and LMX–consequence correlations that are based on data from the same source. “You learn to scout menus ahead of time—or just order fries. “I’ve seen friends do those 10-day detoxes,” he says, shaking his head. “I said, Let’s not drink today. Some days I’ll stretch or do push-ups during commercials. But then I found this cashew-based recipe? The one thing that all these stories' stars have in common is their dedication to changing their lives through weight loss. None of them used the same methods to reach their weight loss goals and no two people's journeys are the same. In this round-up, you'll find 15 tales of short-term weight loss success. Jules opened up about her weight loss in an interview with 9Honey earlier this year. Such a philosophy of leadership engenders a practice that gives primacy to a narrow view of reason based upon ‘hard facts’ and the utilization of quantitative techniques to provide measurements appropriate to support decision making. As a subject discipline, it sought to provide answers to questions concerning how best to lead and govern in the context of midtwentieth century US institutional and business organizational life. For one thing, even were such an audacious project pursued, it would doubtless prove to be more than anyone could possibly accomplish in a lifetime and, for certain, could not be confined to an 8,000-word chapter. ORGANIZATIONAL NETWORK RESEARCH CORE IDEAS The organizational network perspective is a broadbased research program that continually draws inspiration from a set of distinctive ideas to investigate new empirical phenomena. In a district desperate for jobs, these partisans felt loyalty to the informal leader who had provided them information that allowed them to be first in line for vacancies on Monday morning. 9 A Network Approach to Leader Cognition and Effectiveness Martin Kilduff and Prasad Balkundi INTRODUCTION Good administrators sometimes fail to understand social structure, and fail to anticipate its consequences for organizational survival. (1993) Assertion and its social context. Culture, in such contexts, easily becomes another form of social control (Willmott, 1993, 2003), regardless of the emancipatory rhetoric through which it may be expressed. Thus, within systems characterised by intense surveillance, and in which strident demands for intense commitment become the norm, the demand for purity along lines advocated by the leader is central. Workplace surveillance systems now increasingly seek to produce conformist (i.e. compliant and pliant) individuals in the workplace (Sewell and Barker, 2006). More widely, research has shown that those with most resources tend to be the most powerful in organisational decision-making, enabling them to accumulate yet more resources and hence further entrench their position of power (Pfeffer, 1992). First, he asserts that morality is based on doing your duty, especially when your inclination or your feelings tell you to do otherwise.Crocker is the uber-housewife who, unlike the masculine virtual leaders, provides a form of leadership based on serving male organization.256Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶ ; Respondent’s Post-Hearing Brief, ¶74.Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.Cross-modal alignment and consistency present ongoing challenges in ensuring that information extracted from different modalities remains factually consistent and semantically coherent.Lowe and Gardner (2000) calculated that 20% of The Leadership Quarterly articles were based on interviews, but this figure almost certainly included the small number of articles based on qualitative interviewing that had appeared in the journal during the period in question. Instead, it was a flickering of what would happen if he continued on with his unhealthy diet and lifestyle. Craig Robinson joins TODAY’s Jenna Bush Hager and Sheinelle Jones to talk about making his Broadway debut with “All Out” and shares an update on his weight loss journey. Meat-free diets for weight loss aren’t just another celebrity trend, they are actually endorsed by science. He’d quit booze in 2017 for a detox, shedding 50 pounds fast . “I had to break that cycle,” he declares Master Doctor Ye, Ah Hui is sick and has been in a coma for a day. If things continue like this, you and the people around you will be shrouded in various crises all the time. “I’ve had my share of rough days,” he admits, hinting at the stress . A minor health scare in 2022—nothing public, but enough to rattle him . According to Bass (1985) and Conger and Kanungo (1998), all leaders exhibit certain characteristics of both transformational and transactional leadership styles, but individual leaders tend to emphasize one of the styles more than the other. This can be particularly troubling for knowledge workers, as it is more difficult to specify complete job descriptions in advance for such workers (Bryant, 2003). Thirdly, because transactional leadership encourages a close connection between goals and rewards in the form of specific exchanges, workers can as a result not be motivated to give anything beyond what is clearly specified in contracts or through bonus systems. Bolivia failed to comply with the requirements of due process. A study with a focus on the educational context applied Kouzes and Posner’s transformational THE SAGE HANDBOOK OF LEADERSHIP leadership model (Abu-Tineh & Al-Omari, 2008). Cross-cultural contexts There has been a substantial amount of empirical work put into measuring the prevalence and effectiveness of transformational leadership in different national cultural contexts throughout the world. The military context A study conducted on a Navy facility by Eid, Johnsen, Bartone and Nissestad (2008) evaluated the role of personal hardiness in facilitating change or growth in transformational leadership on a leadership training activity. They are created by the political and ideological context that regulates how and which identities may be taken up. For him, our work that day raised issues about his Aboriginality and his leadership that defy simple resolution and go to the heart of how he sees himself. In the public spaces where her own identity seems up for debate – where stereotypes are circling amid ambiguity about how she should act and be seen as leader – I have seen her pause, sometimes name the tensions she is experiencing, and actively experiment with being different. In fact she had become so habituated to waiting but never receiving acknowledgement that she had missed important recognition of her work. The three examples from my work that follow provide a sense of the range of contexts and outcomes from working explicitly on identities in leadership. 201Counter-Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶52-55. 199Reply on Jurisdiction, ¶146; Respondent’s Post-Hearing Brief, ¶¶50-53, 58. 190Counter-Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶51-52. PlanRAG improves decision-making through plan-then-retrieve approaches, enabling agents to evaluate multiple information sources and optimize retrieval strategies, while SLA management frameworks address reconfigurable multi-agent architectures 162, 461. Implementation paradigms encompass prompt-based methods requiring no additional training and training-based approaches optimizing models through reinforcement learning for strategic tool invocation 648, 1318, 965. These systems leverage reflection, planning, tool use, and multi-agent collaboration to manage retrieval strategies dynamically and adapt workflows to complex task requirements . Retrieval-Augmented Generation bridges the gap between parametric knowledge and dynamic information access by integrating external knowledge sources with language model generation. They help individuals to develop their strengths and spend time coaching and guiding people. Leaders who exhibit intellectual stimulation encourage followers to be innovative and creative in redressing old problems in new ways and regularly examining old assumptions to see if they are still viable. Next, a comprehensive review is provided of the wide variety of contexts in which transformational leadership has been empirically examined, as well as the most frequently researched theoretical relationships that have been tested empirically. Daft and Lengel (1998) claimed that transformational leadership is the only one adequate during times of environmental turbulence, whereas transactional leadership is more suitable for stable environments. Because of art’s representational form and its experiential nature, aesthetic engagement begins in the senses and generates a different type of knowledge. Drawing on Aristotle’s idea of wisdom, Grint claimed that technical knowledge (episteme) and skills (techné) are in themselves insufficient to ensure leadership prudence. In using more than rationality to make decisions, people bring their minds and bodies to work – emotions, feelings, and personal experiences that cannot be represented by purely rational models. Emotionality and leaps of judgment that inform decision-making augment rationality. This inquiry into leadership qualities and how they are judged based on sense perceptions during the social influence process puts leadership squarely into the aesthetic realm. However, evidence is beginning to emerge that followership is entering the second stage of conceptual development, one of evaluation and augmentation (Reichers & Schneider, 1990). In general, this stage is characterized by attempts to legitimize the new concept and focus on its definition, importance, and utility for augmenting existing knowledge and understanding. This chapter is a review of the literature on followership that challenges traditional assumptions of what it means to lead and what it means to follow. Leadership clarity and team innovation in health care. For many people, a big lifestyle change doesn’t happen overnight.He also added resistance training with bands, bodyweight exercises, and aimed for 10,000 steps of walking daily regardless of his other activities.Despite this, and as Ashkanasy and Jordan (2008) recently observed, leadership scholars have in general been slow to develop broadly-based theories of leadership that incorporate an emotional dimension.F.W. Taylor concentrated on the control of knowledge by management at the expense of the workforce and the deskilling of jobs in line with the expansion of the division of labour.Selfawareness has been described as an emerging process by which leaders come to understand their unique capabilities, knowledge, and experience (Avolio & Gardner, 2005).In the context of polycentric governance, political leadership is also concerned with leading and orchestrating inter-organizational partnerships (e.g. Benington, 2000; Hartley, 2002); and with leading neighbourhoods and communities of interest and of place. Unsurprisingly in such a context, the person in charge of leading these discussions plays a central role, thus enacting his strategic leadership. Summary By paying attention to the hidden activities and discourses underlying strategic leadership, a social practice perspective produces knowledge that is connected with strategists’ lived experience. These rhetorical devices all reveal the mobilization of tacit knowledge and social skills to influence others, thus showing how strategic leaders ‘do’ strategy in their daily activities. Denis et al. (2007) propose a multifaceted framework, drawing together actor–network theory, conventionalist theory and social practice theories, in order to rethink strategic leadership in pluralistic contexts. Future evaluation paradigms must address increasing system complexity while providing reliable, comprehensive, and actionable insights for system improvement and deployment decisions. Context engineering systems present unique alignment challenges due to their dynamic adaptation capabilities and complex interaction patterns across multiple components. Beyond predefined failure modes, future evaluation must grapple with assessing resilience to “unknown unknowns”—emergent and unpredictable failure cascades in highly complex, autonomous multi-agent systems 128, 390. Multi-agent systems face additional challenges in coordination failure scenarios, where partial system failures can cascade through the entire agent network. Weight loss Though the comedian likes being a vegan, he misses having mac and cheese sometimes. Craig Robinson is a perfect example of people who often get too busy for fitness but realize their mistake in time to make amends. As vegan food continues to grow in popularity in this country with items like the Impossible Burger flourishing, it’s likely we’ll see even more celebrities move to a plant-based diet in the future. Rapper Wacka Flocka Flame and Kylie Jenner have both switched to the meat-free, dairy-free lifestyle and even created eye-popping vegan meals or lines of vegan edibles as a result. I was like let me see if I can go six months and I just haven’t gone back and then working out and I’ve been trying this vegan lifestyle, too.” Verbal aggression, dominance, and negative assertion may be useful in certain contexts, but in general appear to provide little benefit to leaders (see Van Vugt, 2006). Similarly, in Europe, women hold 11% of the positions in the highest decision-making bodies of the largest corporations (Desvaux, Devillard-Hoellinger, & Baumgarten, 2007) and only 12 women are CEOs in the Global Fortune 500 (Fortune, 2010). (1966) Max Weber’s political ideas in the perspective of our time. (1988) Superiors’ evaluations and subordinates’ perceptions of transformational and transactional leadership. (1963) Exchange and power in social life. As management scholars have discovered, these models do not fit today’s contexts of dynamic and continual change (Browning, Beyer, & Stetler, 1995; Eisenhardt & Schoonhoven, 1990). (2006) Appreciative evaluation in an educational context inviting conversations of assessment and development. In the context of hard self–other differentiation, listening is disheartened by being tied to interests in ‘aboutness knowledge’. The phenomenological voice centers everyday life worlds as local-cultural ‘relational’ realities, rather than centering the assumption of a single ‘real reality’ that science can know more or less objectively. Thirdly, as part of a rethink of contingency theory, configurational reasoning has been prominent since the 1980s in business management, where it has been adopted to try to account for both proliferating and differentiated organizational forms. (1987) The romance of leadership and the evaluation of organizational performance. Leaders must have a healthy narcissism, relishing the fame and glory which comes with success. This view was elaborated by Kohut’s theory of messianic and charismatic leaders, based on the primal father and primal mother, respectively. We have noted, in line with Freud, that leadership involves a powerful relation between leaders and followers, one based on identification of followers with the leader and his/her idealization. Thus, if a leader is believed to be ineffective, their answers with respect to that leader will be affected by this knowledge, regardless of the leader’s actual behaviour. Thus, the category ‘qualitative research’ obscures considerable variety in approach and its growing use in and contribution to the leadership field may require a rethink concerning such issues as the evaluation of studies prior to publication. It is not obvious where observational studies of leadership would fit into this scheme and it could be argued that it is a classification based on two different things – leadership foci (e.g. behaviour and attributes) and diverse research designs and methods. Building this capacity within the DoD can enhance its organizational culture, processes, and workforce-namely, enabling entrepreneurial competencies prevalent in the most competitive innovation ecosystems, such as Silicon Valley. Instead, the DoD needs a more dynamic model-one in which tacit knowledge encoded in networks of practitioners across the military enterprise drives new capabilities. Hence, the real key to unlocking the process of innovation is attention to multiple sets of relationships among individuals, organizations, and multiorganizational systems. In the real-life world of people in organizations considering military problems, nothing is simple. To understand how military organizations can learn and innovate, the reader will have to follow, at times, a complex argument. Unfortunately most of the evaluation efforts are focused on participants’ reactions to the developmental program (i.e., ‘smile sheets’), with little attention to understanding whether the leader’s developmental experience had an impact on his behavior or the organization. Most leaders acknowledge that the most profound development and learning occurs on-the-job and not in the classroom; however, managers are typically left on their own to try and integrate learning from leadership development programs into a personal development plan. Given the importance of feedback, it is troubling to consider how many opportunities are missed every day for either giving or receiving feedback. What this fails to capture is the more important point that what is learned from the program or experience and how it changes behavior or decision-making in future leadership situations is what really matters. What made it necessary was another mutual work by Goethals, Sorenson and Burns, Sage’s four-volume 2 million-word Encyclopedia of Leadership, which we were just finishing up around the time of the Quest (Goethals and Sorenson, 2004). Kellogg Foundation from 1994 to 1998 at the Burns Academy, that for the first time created a community of scholars in the field of leadership studies. (2008) ‘Leadership and implementation of evidencebased practices’, Leadership in Health Services, 21(3), 168–84. (1989) ‘Toward a conceptual framework for mixed-method evaluation designs, Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 11(3), 255–74. Serena Williams on Parenting, Venus' Wedding, Weight Loss, More Our primary contribution lies in introducing a unified taxonomic framework that organizes context engineering techniques into Foundational Components (Context Retrieval and Generation, Context Processing, and Context Management) and System Implementations (Retrieval-Augmented Generation, Memory Systems, Tool-Integrated Reasoning, and Multi-Agent Systems). The future of Context Engineering will be shaped by our ability to address these interconnected challenges through sustained, collaborative research efforts that bridge technical innovation with societal considerations. Privacy protection mechanisms must address challenges in handling sensitive information, preventing data leakage, and maintaining user privacy while enabling beneficial system capabilities. How can we create contexts where constructive dialogue is not seen as treason, but rather as a mechanism for an FOLLOWERSHIP AND FOLLOWER-CENTRED APPROACHES organization to self-correct internally before a dangerous situation explodes? Who are the first followers to succumb to the charisma or toxic leadership ‘virus’ in specific contexts (e.g., situations of crisis, organizational change or restructuring)? • What contexts (e.g., organizational change, restructuring, leadership turnover) are particularly ripe for follower constructions of charismatic, authentic, or effective leadership? At the same time, they demand unquestioning obedience and dependence in their followers. At the same time, the charismatic candidates possessed extraordinary leverage to demand high salaries and power. In conclusion, we have little knowledge about this crucial area of charismatic leadership. David M. Boje is currently Bill Daniels Ethics Fellow, former Bank of America Endowed Professorship of Management (awarded September 2006–2010), and past Arthur Owens Professorship in Business Administration (June 2003–June 2006) in the Management Department at New Mexico State University. She was awarded the 2007 Sage Best Paper Award in Group and Organization Management and the 2003 Sage Outstanding Paper Award for Research Methods. His research focuses on the role of emotion in organizational life, as well as leadership, culture, and ethics. Research interests include critical theory, gender, power, management of professional service (knowledgeintensive) organizations, leadership, identity, organizational image, organizational culture and symbolism, qualitative methods and philosophy of science. In addition, the virtual leader examples we have discussed strongly reflect corporate gender-based biases. In the case of the female virtual leaders, the same tendency is present – they are both hyperreal and hyper-feminized, most especially in terms of representing an exaggerated femininity centred around caring and nurturing roles performed in a domestic labour context. But, in stark contrast, both Aunt Jemima and Betty Crocker are based on the flesh of real women – women identify with real women and not clowns. This image remains on the products to this day. The Aunt Jemima image has been modified several times over the years. GPT-4 achieves approximately 20% improvement through self-refinement processes, highlighting the importance of evaluating systems across multiple iteration cycles rather than single-shot assessments. Evaluation frameworks must address the complexity of multi-tool coordination, error recovery, and adaptive tool selection across diverse operational contexts 310, 931. The GAIA benchmark demonstrates that while humans achieve 92% accuracy on general assistant tasks, advanced models like GPT-4 achieve only 15% accuracy, indicating fundamental limitations in current evaluation frameworks and system capabilities 772, 1090, 126. 570Third Witness Statement of Paz, ¶¶55-56. 555The same reasoning shall be applied to ARJ 1, ARJ 2 and ARJ 3. 544Compass Lexecon Rebuttal Report, ¶¶110, 112, and footnote 122. 543First Witness Statement of Paz, ¶¶96-97. On top of that, D’itri transformed his legs and sculpted abs for the first time in his life.It enables insights into political leadership and also facilitates the asking of certain questions about context and conduct.In conclusion, attachment theory is already contributing to our limited knowledge about the nature and effects of interpersonal dynamics in the leader–follower relationship, and has the potential to offer many more insights.He was looking forward to this day and said to Dr. Shao What do you need Dr. My acting choices are more intuitive .Specifically, there continues to be a need for research that enhances our understanding of (1) LMX development and change/maintenance over time and (2) the way in which the constellation of social network relationships influences specifics LMX dyads.Privacy protection mechanisms must address challenges in handling sensitive information, preventing data leakage, and maintaining user privacy while enabling beneficial system capabilities.Her first exposure to dieting came in high school when friends began trying to lose weight and at one stage, her sister.A number of authors have discussed its antecedents and consequences, at all levels and in all areas of organizational life. 245Counter-Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶68-71. 240Counter-Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶79-80, and 192. 228Counter-Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶63, 73, and 78. 225The Respondent notes that in their Counter-Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶64, 72, and 73, the Claimants have only affirmed that Bolivia made no attempt to amicably settle the New Claims, that negotiations on nationalisation were unsuccessful and that Bolivia’s stance in this arbitration confirms the scarce possibilities that an agreement would have been reached. 203Id., ¶¶61-62; Claimants’ Post-Hearing Brief, ¶84. This sentiment was crystallized in a special issue of Organization Science focusing on the implications of the science of complexity for the field of organizational studies. In so doing, they kept getting bogged down, however, in implementation – in the day-to-day business. In these systems, unsuccessful managers were those who engaged in too much structuring. According to their data, the most adaptive organizations – those that exhibited the most prolific, complex, and continuous change – were poised at the ‘edge of chaos that exists between order and disorder’ (p. 29). In 1997, Brown and Eisenhardt used complexity theory to explore continuous change in the context of multiple-product innovation. Thus, systems intended to guarantee trust may, ironically, not only make it more difficult for employees to demonstrate their trustworthiness but also for authorities to learn about the distribution of trust within their organizations. Because of psychological reactance, even honest employees may try to cheat or sabotage monitoring systems. As Cialdini (1996) notes, monitoring and surveillance systems communicate to employees that they are not trusted, potentially breeding mistrust and resentment in return. Monitoring systems can produce other unintended and ironic consequences with respect to trust. Production deployment of context engineering systems requires addressing scalability challenges across multiple dimensions including computational resource management, latency optimization, throughput maximization, and cost efficiency while maintaining consistent performance across diverse operational conditions. Benchmark evaluations have expanded with GraphArena, offering both polynomial-time tasks and NP-complete challenges with a rigorous evaluation framework that classifies outputs as correct, suboptimal, hallucinatory, or missing . Graph reasoning represents a fundamental challenge in context engineering, requiring systems to navigate complex structural relationships while maintaining semantic understanding across interconnected elements. According to outside rumors, this guy seemed to be a coward and would cause a lot of trouble every time. Public chatter stung, but it was personal—energy forKilling It, stamina for life . Anyway, I My life has been completely disrupted, and it can t get any worse. A 2022 health scare and feeling “out of control” lit the fire . Craig dropped 50 pounds, from 300 to 250 by 2025 . Inside Craig Robinson's Legal Troubles This has put pressure on leaders to be prepared to justify their decisions more quickly. In such a context, not only might a leader’s communication with followers take place via information technology, but the collection and dissemination of information required to support organizational work also takes place via information technology. Leadership taking place in a context where work is mediated by information technology is referred to as e-leadership (Avolio & Kahai, 2003). However, as lower-level managers face more constraints compared with senior managers, individual differences will be more apparent in decisions made at higher organizational levels (Hambrick & Finkelstein, 1987; Kaiser & Hogan, 2007). Organizational level Furthermore, leaders exert influence on effectiveness on an organizational level through decisions about strategic goals, organizational structure, staffing, and policies (Finkelstein & Hambrick, 1996). A minor health scare in 2022—nothing public, but enough to rattle him. “It’s exhausting when strangers think they know your health,” he sighs. By 2022, he was staring down a health crisis, feeling drained. But by 2022, the 6’2” actor was tipping the scales at 300 pounds. His transformation isn’t a phase—it’s a lifestyle. Transformational and transactional leadership theory can provide a basis for appreciating how leaders have an impact upon the cultivation of knowledge. Doing so requires a conscious effort by leaders throughout the organization to manage the three processes of creating, sharing, and exploiting knowledge. An additional part of organizational knowledge is the tacit knowledge shared in the firm in the form of routines, culture, and know-how that is embedded in the social processes of an organization (Grant, 1996; Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995). The relationship between trust and leadership has been examined also in the context of leader– member exchange (LMX) theories (Brower, Schoorman, and Tan, 2000; Graen and Uhl-Bien, 1995; see Liden, co-author in Chapter 23, this volume). His words seem as poignant and applicable today as they did more than 30 years ago. And finally, they can be used to mobilize people’s time and attention in the service of important and challenging goals (Ganz, 2009). Accordingly, Nye argues, leaders’ ‘contextual intelligence’ (i.e., their deft and seasoned assessment of what’s needed in a given situation) plays a vital role in determining the ultimate effectiveness of their influence attempts. Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly First, strategic leadership demands a focus on both the internal and external environments of the organization and a concern with positioning it within its context. Moreover, we require research that examines the process of leadership from within the context of these spatial and temporal constraints. The closer spatiality and temporality of global business is part of the complexity of context that organization theory must accommodate. Be that as it may, the expectation is that the trend will move towards alternate methodologies for researching leadership within the context of organization theory. The many and varied forms of context have occupied the interest of leadership researchers in recent years, and seem set continue to do so for years to come. Cut adrift from the corrective feedback that is readily available in more open social systems, cult members become marooned in an oasis of certainty, from which they contemplate a baffling outside world that surveys them with equal disdain and incomprehension. The vision (in the most optimistic rendition of the process) performs an integrative role, combining the members into a collective whole with a shared set of aspirations capable of guiding their everyday behavior. Skilling was also sometimes known as ‘The Prince’, after Machiavelli. For example, I have argued previously that Enron, whose spectacular bankruptcy in 2001 was at that time the biggest in US corporate history, can be largely understood as an example of a prototypical corporate cult (Tourish and Vatcha, 2005). As in the normative decision model, a participative decision is more effective than an autocratic decision when the members of the group have relevant knowledge and information not possessed by the leader. Relationsoriented behavior sometimes includes a participative decision procedure such as consulting with subordinates about decisions that will affect them. The life and times of Hippocrates. Her notion of powerwith challenges the idea that decisions are made from a stance of intimidation and bullying to one which encourages ‘co-action’ (p. 2000). He conceived that aesthetic inquiry was relevant to ‘all the liberal arts and the practical activities of daily life’ (Makkreel, 1996, p. 66) and rejected the idea that the search for knowledge is reducible to either a rational or a sensual quest. What diet did Craig Robinson follow to lose weight? To the extent that love of wisdom has to be taught by those that live philosophically to those who aspire to do so, the Stoics developed abstract theories of knowledge with respect to the three core virtues of physics, logic and ethics. Hadot (1995) points out that it is crucial to understand the difference between Stoical conceptions of philosophical discourse and philosophy as a way of life in order to understand this tradition. He takes the divisions of techne¯ (know how), episteme (intellectual knowledge) and phronesis (practical wisdom) and demonstrates how these offer mutually complimentary dimensions of assessing problems and dilemmas faced by leaders. We often know experientially when leadership is imperfect – when ‘wrong decisions’ have been made, when there has been a lack of justice, courage or balance (Frost & Robinson, 1999; Maccoby, 2004; Price, 2005; Tourish & Pinnington, 2002). Although problematic, these notions have a certain resonance with the everyday experience of leaders. WebArena and Mind2Web demonstrate that current systems struggle with multi-step interactions across diverse websites, highlighting fundamental gaps in collaborative task execution.The integration of multiple evaluation approaches—from component-level assessment to system-wide robustness testing—represents a critical research priority for ensuring the reliable deployment of context-engineered systems in real-world applications 835, 1132.We are sure he feels so much happier and healthier — and hopefully, he can keep it up!However, these approaches require advancement in optimization strategies for autonomous evolution and meta-learning across diverse contexts 735, 956, 789, 577.Jackson and Parry (2008) have also noted a swing towards context and process as being the basis of sound explanations of leadership’s contribution to organization theory.But we met and talked about it, had a great time, and I’m like, “I like this.Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) represents a paradigmatic advancement in Large Language Model capabilities, addressing fundamental limitations including outdated knowledge, calculation inaccuracy, and shallow reasoning by enabling dynamic interaction with external resources during the reasoning process .Such differences are invoked as explanations for the uncomfortable behaviour of others when people have limited contact or knowledge of the context behind the behaviour. “I lost a bunch of weight, I lost about 50 pounds,” he told Harry Connick Jr. on his talk show in 2017, according to People. And, so, you know, I figured I was at a certain weight, and I was, like, 30-something pounds over that … After the shock and depression, I said, ‘Let me get to it.’” Robinson, who played Darryl on “The Office,” and who now stars as part of a rotating cast in the Broadway comedy “All Out,” has lost weight and worked on improving his health in recent years. Drawing on a wide range of unpublished sources, the author challenges the accepted view that the intellectual shortcomings of Britain’s naval leaders resulted in poor strategic planning and an inability to meet the challenges of the Second World War. For the two-day period, the program of events listed seven sessions, with a total of forty-four panels and 212 participants serving as session chairs, presenters, or commentators. Today, this symposium continues to be one of the most important events for the scholarly and professional exchange of ideas and interpretations in the field of naval history. Their desire to avenge British honour resulted in the issuing of challenges which weakened Britain’s efforts to blockade the United States and, except for the successful Shannon-Chesapeake action, were in vain. 460Rejoinder on Jurisdiction, ¶¶14-18, and documents referred thereto. 442Statement of Claim, ¶¶ ; Compass Lexecon Report, ¶¶128, 132, and 139; Reply on the Merits, ¶¶ ; Compass Lexecon Rebuttal Report, ¶¶ , 160, 175, and footnote 199. 440Reply on the Merits, ¶¶ ; Claimants’ Post-Hearing Brief, ¶122. 439Statement of Claim, ¶¶ ; Claimants’ Post-Hearing Brief, ¶¶120, and 128. 431Reply on the Merits, ¶204; Compass Lexecon Rebuttal Report, ¶¶ , and 125. His 11 seasons with 20+ saves are tied for fifth-most all time with John Franco, Kenley Jansen and Jeff Reardon. Made his 12th career Opening Day roster...Entered the season as the active career saves leader with 394, good for seventh all-time...Also ranked among active relievers in strikeouts (second, 1,098), WHIP (second, 0.98), strikeout rate (third, 40.0%), appearances (eighth, 709) and wins (ninth, 41)...Appeared in 71 games for the Phillies, going 8-6 with a 3.26 ERA (25 ER/69.0 IP), 94 strikeouts and 23 saves in 28 opportunities...Led Phillies relievers in games and innings. The article also examines whether the transfer of recognized beneficiaries from EU states to Greece is in line with human rights and highlights good practices as well as any existing challenges that hinder integration initiatives in Greece. To understand the efficiency of integration measures and the practical challenges faced, this article reviews Greece's integration policy after the 2015 mixed migration flow into Europe. He offers each theory as a possible theoretical lens for understanding residential settlement patterns today, and clarifies that all three are empirically and conceptually contested in his data analysis. Craig Robinson’s Weight Loss: The Vegan Shift Power shows the man.’ What lies at the heart of the mystery of executive failure is a very old concept – a concept that has governed human relations for all time, although it was not clearly articulated and labeled until the beginning of the twentieth century. In such collusions, there is usually a dominant person (the so-called inducer) whose delusions become incorporated and shared by the THE SHADOW SIDE OF LEADERSHIP other, healthier members of the organization. Some executives are so full of self-importance that they have no time for others. While going vegan can result in weight loss and other health benefits, for those of you who are considering going vegan, you want to be careful to avoid... I lost about 50 pounds,” Robinson told Harry Connick Jr. during an appearance on his talk show “Harry.” The 48-year-old explained that the weight loss and drastic diet change was kick-started by taking a break from booze. Sometimes, the best transformations come from quiet decisions that you stick with day after day. By quitting alcohol, adopting a vegan diet, and staying active without overcomplicating fitness, he dropped 50 pounds and gained a healthier, happier life. Self-contextualization mechanisms undergo evaluation through meta-learning assessments, adaptation speed measurements, and consistency analysis across multiple iterations. Position interpolation techniques and ultra-long sequence processing methods face significant computational challenges that limit practical evaluation scenarios 731, 295. This contextual adaptation encompasses both organizational and operational dimensions, enabling systems to maintain coherence while accommodating environmental variability and evolving user requirements. StructGPT implements iterative reading-then-reasoning approaches that construct specialized functions to collect relevant evidence from structured data sources .Lipman-Blumen (2007, 2008) described the strong needs of followers to have leaders who can keep them safe in uncertain situations and provide vision and direction, particularly in times of crisis or ambiguity.The economic depression of the 1920s coincided with the next major shift in leadership models and, for our purposes, it was a major shift back to the role of normative power and away from the rationality of scientific systems and processes that had dominated for the previous two decades.Members are asked to assess their leader in order to determine the behaviors exhibited and the degree to which behaviors are valued and/or effective.Relationsoriented behavior sometimes includes a participative decision procedure such as consulting with subordinates about decisions that will affect them.As the discussion at the end of the chapter reveals, Hammersley’s critique raises key questions for discursive scholars related to behaviors that are distinctive to leadership actors across time and context.Building trust in business, politics, relationships, and life.Additional task-specific frameworks include QMSum for meeting summarization, QuALITY for reading comprehension, DialSim for dialogue-based QA requiring spatiotemporal memory, and MEMENTO for personalized embodied agent evaluation using two-stage processes to assess memory utilization in physical environment tasks 1380, 566.Implications of domestic responsibilities for leadership Both men and women experience considerable losses for time out of the workforce, but women’s losses far exceed men’s (Rose & Hartmann, 2004). • Intellectual stimulation – behaviour on the part of the leader that challenges followers to reexamine some of their assumptions about their work and rethink how it can be performed (Podsakoff et al., 1990, p. 112). Their development of the TLI was based on the construct definitions found in a comprehensive review of all the works that examined behaviours related to transformational leaders, including Bass’s work. The transaction usually takes the form of contracts, employment agreements, performance management systems and service-led agreements. For Bass, the ideal approach for leaders to take exhibits both transformational and transactional forms of leadership. Competitive advantages will be created by organizations able to exploit new ideas after making tacit knowledge explicit through their knowledge systems. Knowledge systems make the ideas, solutions, and knowledge created by individuals available to everyone in the organizations. Inspiring personal interactions are of lesser importance than creating information and knowledge systems that make routines of actions, rules, and procedures (Bryant, 2003). Top managers should establish knowledge systems that will effectively both capture and share knowledge. Groups integrate knowledge by using interactive systems and create cognitive maps that are shared among all members of the group (Crossan el., 1999). But given a perceptive eye and a healthy dose of perseverance, anyone who is emotionally literate can do the deconstruction. In corporate life, one has to be something of an organizational detective to tease out what’s going on behind this manager’s quirky behavior and that manager’s insolence. If we can gather enough background and contextual information, even the most incomprehensible behavior makes sense. And this rationale needs to be acknowledged and dealt with. By the time we become adults, these kinds of interdictions are THE SAGE HANDBOOK OF LEADERSHIP internalized, and we are conditioned to think that it is dangerous to think outside the box. Robinson noted one moment that led to his new focus on his health. She then noted that he has been on a “health journey” and asked what he’s done. We’re seeing a lot less of Craig Robinson these days, and that’s fine by him. People who drink heavily when they’re younger also have a 41% higher chance of becoming overweight when they’re in their mid-twenties. According to a report in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, when people drink a lot when they’re younger, they run the risk of gaining a lot of weight or even becoming obese when they get older. I was going to detox.” What also led to his decision was hearing his liver could regenerate in six months, so he stopped drinking, and adopted a vegan diet. The absence of mathematical frameworks characterizing context engineering capabilities, limitations, and optimal design principles across different architectural configurations impedes both fundamental understanding and practical optimization 1132, 663, 835, 310. This section systematically examines key research directions and open challenges that will define the evolution of Context Engineering over the coming decade. As the field transitions from isolated component development toward integrated system architectures, the complexity of research challenges grows exponentially, demanding interdisciplinary approaches that bridge theoretical computer science, practical system engineering, and domain-specific expertise 310, 931. Furthermore, they become more skilled at this over time, both with longer experience of being a councillor and in a senior leadership role. This reinforces the proposition that political leadership is constitutive of context, problem and potential solutions (Grint, 2000; 2005). This is, arguably, a generic leadership quality for effective leadership (e.g. Pfeffer, 1981) but is particularly central to the work of political leadership, because of political leaders’ need to lead in the context of conflict, with competing views and values. This is highly relevant because a key aim of politicians is to mobilise consent across a range of diverse stakeholders and to shape outcomes based on a degree of negotiated agreement across those groups. It emphasises the need to examine cultures and expectations as well as formal goals and structures, and how the rhetoric and other qualities of particular political leaders may help to shape the context. And this rationale needs to be acknowledged and dealt with.At the same time as intending to cover the extant field, the Handbook is also designed to stretch its domain by including chapters on areas and topics that are beginning to surface and which are attracting more and more attention.Research interests include critical theory, gender, power, management of professional service (knowledgeintensive) organizations, leadership, identity, organizational image, organizational culture and symbolism, qualitative methods and philosophy of science.And finally, they can be used to mobilize people’s time and attention in the service of important and challenging goals (Ganz, 2009).User simulation applications employ LLM-powered conversational agents mimicking human behavior for cost-effective dialogue system evaluation, adapting flexibly across open-domain dialogues, task-oriented interactions, and conversational recommendation , with systems like Memory Sandbox enabling user control over conversational memories through data object manipulation .6Statement of Defense, ¶¶26, and 31; Rejoinder on the Merits, ¶¶30-40.In contrast to network research, traditional leadership research has focused on human capital attributes of leaders and situational attributes of leadership contexts.Autoencoder-based compression achieves significant context reduction through In-context Autoencoder (ICAE), which achieves 4× context compression by condensing long contexts into compact memory slots that LLMs can directly condition on, significantly enhancing models’ ability to handle extended contexts with improved latency and memory usage during inference . The most systematic development of such ideas in the context of leadership is Hogg’s (2005) social identity theory of leadership. First, shared membership in a given category can serve as a ‘rule for defining the boundaries of low-risk interpersonal trust that bypasses the need for personal knowledge and the costs of negotiating reciprocity’ when interacting with other members of that category. FOUNDATIONS OF TRUST BETWEEN LEADERS AND THEIR CONSTITUENTS Considerable theory and research has focused on identifying the antecedents and bases of trust within organizations and other social systems (Creed and Miles 1996; Sztompka, 1999; Zucker, 1986). If we add in emotional distortions, we have a mix that all but repudiates the phrase ‘rational decision making,’ giving intuition pride of place (Barron and Eagle, 1992; Westen, 1998). We also argue that unconscious dynamics have a significant impact on life in organizations and urge organizational leaders to recognize and plan for those dynamics. In what follows, we offer some explanations for leadership derailment, address the psychological pressures that often lead to dysfunctional behavior, and discuss the interrelationship between personality, leadership style, and organizational decision making. • What effect is failed leadership likely to have on organizational functioning and decision making? In a variety of different ways, in fact, both leaders and followers exert considerable, sustained and often very strategically intentional influence over the contextual factors that constrain them. Like any of several expert reviews already published on the subject, such a chapter would start out with the observation that much of the extant research on leadership does not take the influence of cultural context sufficiently into account. 12 Cross-Cultural Leadership Revisited Eric Guthey and Brad Jackson INTRODUCTION No scholarly handbook on leadership research would seem complete without a chapter on the relationship between leadership and cultural context. An evaluation of conceptual weaknesses in transformational and charismatic leadership theories. Instead of treating the social world as given, practitioners emphasize how everyday notions and objects are constituted through discourse. Mumford and Van Doorn (2001) analysed various primary sources to examine 10 cases of exceptional leadership exhibited by Benjamin Franklin. It can be discerned in Jackson and Guthey’s (2007) analysis of visual images to explore what they call the ‘celebrity CEO backlash’, the process by which CEOs who would at one time have been shown in photographs as powerful superstars are increasingly being depicted in unflattering ways. It comes in several guises, but the various approaches exhibit the common feature of the researcher extracting themes from the data. These researchers describe this attribute as transcendent spirituality – behaviours of the leader which manifest an inner conviction that something or someone beyond self and the material world exists and makes life complete and meaningful. All of these are based on the notion of connectedness, a key concept in spiritual leadership (see Fernando, 2007). This leadership style is sometimes treated synonymously with spiritual leadership (Sendjaya and Sarros, 2002). We will try to answer this question by briefly turning our attention to several prominent leadership approaches, and how the business context has shaped a growing need to recognize the contribution that spirituality can and should make in fostering effective leadership. At his heaviest, Robinson tipped the scales at around 300 pounds, a weight that was taking a toll not just on his physical health but on his overall quality of life. The path to Craig’s weight loss began with a conscious decision to prioritize health. Understanding the relationship between weight management and other health factors, such as weight loss and blood pressure, provides important context for comprehensive health improvement. Craig Robinson’s weight loss journey included working with healthcare professionals who provided evidence-based guidance and monitoring. Going to the studio every day and being in the room with the guys, I had this sense that I’m going to look back and know that was probably one of the best times of my life.” Secondly, a number of scholars have attempted to further our understanding of how LMX works in different societal contexts.Rule-based trust is predicated not on a conscious calculation of consequences, but rather on shared understandings and beliefs regarding the system of rules regarding appropriate behaviors – for both leaders and constituents.His interpretation of the classical texts placed greater emphasis on the role of the people acting in the interests of society (with some exceptions, dependent on context).The Swarm Agent framework utilizes real-time outputs to direct tool invocations while addressing limitations in static tool registries and bespoke communication frameworks 808, 263, 246.It wasn’t just the weight that shifted — it was his entire mindset.Although our contemporary sensibilities are uncomfortable with the notion of terror, Burke’s underlying proposal is that the beautiful relies on the acceptance of emotional turbulence within organizational life.The comedian and actor has made headlines for losing an impressive 50 pounds by making sustainable and smart changes to his lifestyle. Craig feels more energetic, focused, and confident after losing weight, with a renewed commitment to his health. What is Craig Robinson’s secret to weight loss? What makes Craig Robinson’s weight loss journey so inspiring is that it’s not about perfection — it’s about progress. Emerging at this time was the idea of the counterfeit, such that clear demarcation is made between a representation and an original. His particular focus is on how in contemporary times the idea that such representations are reflective of an underlying reality has been radically brought into question. Recognizing those behind-the-scenes others is a key part of virtual leadership, and a step towards unmasking the operations of power sometimes attributed to leaders. In addition, Edmondson (2003) found that leaders who provided coaching enhanced knowledge integration, which led to greater success in the team’s ability to learn to use a new, institutionalized procedure (Edmondson, 2003). Group level The key process that supports exploitation of institutionalized knowledge is knowledge transfer. These processes begin with institutionalized knowledge and then move through the organization via interpretation. The leader–member exchange or LMX (e.g. Graen & Uhl-Bien, 1995) approach might help explain how the nature of the dyadic relationship facilitates integration of knowledge, which is later institutionalized or becomes part of the shared vision of the organization (Waldman et al., 2005). These stories convey the complexity of the learning and represent a contextualized integration of the learning (Crossan et al., 1999). Claimants assumed that such prices would rise based on the general inflation rate since 2010. In any case, for the avoidance of doubt, Bolivia distributed PROFIN’s report during this arbitral proceeding.368 The new audit performed in March 2011 of EGSA’s accounting statements has no relevance in determining the FMV, as the respective experts have not based it on the theoretical accounting value of EGSA. Moreover, the Claimants request compensation from Bolivia for any adverse effect resulting from the imposition of taxes by UK or US authorities, in the event that the declaration considered in the Tribunal’s award is not accepted as evidence equivalent to payment.354 The Claimants argue, based on ample case law, that due process requires that nationalisation is carried out in a manner that the investor is in the position to exercise its rights, in particular with respect to the calculation of the proper compensation. Craig Robinson Favorite Things 138Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶35-37; Respondent’s Post-Hearing Brief, ¶38. 134Rejoinder on Jurisdiction, ¶¶5-7. 132Counter-Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶10; Claimants’ Post-Hearing Brief, ¶¶72-73. 130Counter-Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶8-9; Claimants’ Post-Hearing Brief, ¶¶74, and 76. Short-term memory in LLMs operates through the context window, serving as working memory maintaining immediate access to previously processed tokens . Neural memory mechanisms struggle with inadequate structured information storage and reliance on approximate vector similarity calculations rather than precise symbolic operations, challenging accurate storage and retrieval for multi-hop reasoning . These advances represent significant evolution toward seamlessly integrating real-time knowledge with flexible retrieval capabilities in dynamic environments. Incremental indexing and dynamic knowledge updates ensure systems adapt to new information without full retraining, particularly crucial in rapidly evolving domains like cybersecurity and climate finance applications 830, 1056. It enables insights into political leadership and also facilitates the asking of certain questions about context and conduct. Their decisions are also under scrutiny from a number of sources because political leadership carries the coercive power of the state and their use of such power has to demonstrate that it is fair. Therefore, theoretical frameworks to understand political leadership are particularly important at this time. The historical analyses of political leadership (e.g. Ruscio, 2004; Wren, 2007; see Grint, Chapter 1, this volume) show that conceptions of leadership shift in times of profound change. Principal Zheng doesn t come to school every day.Long days on set became exhausting battles against fatigue.Most serious studies of managers trying to change cultures indicate considerable problems, as new ideas and ambitions are often reinterpreted based on existing, dominant patterns of meanings (Alvesson & Sveningsson, 2008; Hentze, 1994; Smircich, 1983c).In most systematic academic studies (as in real life), the leaders lead small groups of people.To lose weight, you need to lower the total calories you take in from food and drinks.Organizational level Furthermore, leaders exert influence on effectiveness on an organizational level through decisions about strategic goals, organizational structure, staffing, and policies (Finkelstein & Hambrick, 1996). Self-refinement enables LLMs to improve outputs through cyclical feedback mechanisms mirroring human revision processes, leveraging self-evaluation through conversational self-interaction via prompt engineering distinct from reinforcement learning approaches 735, 916, 25, 1211. Context compression techniques like QwenLong-CPRS implement dynamic context optimization mechanisms enabling multi-granularity compression guided by natural language instructions . Heavy Hitter Oracle (H2O) presents efficient KV cache eviction policies based on observations that small token portions contribute most attention value, improving throughput by up to 29× while reducing latency by up to 1.9× . Infini-attention incorporates compressive memory into vanilla attention, combining masked local attention with long-term linear attention in single Transformer blocks, enabling processing of infinitely long inputs with bounded memory and computation . Pertinent standards are required for goal setting and performance measurement in knowledge based modern organizations. Based on this survey, the chapter suggests to think of ethical judgment as a nexus between primary ethical norms, procedural arrangements, and forms of case-based, practical reasoning. The illegal imprisonment of media practitioners, in addition to numerous cases of their murder, kidnaping, assault and all types of challenges and multiple acts of violence against journalists nowadays are nothing but a clear indication that there is something wrong. Multi-hop reasoning capabilities enable graph-based systems to synthesize information across multiple connected knowledge graph nodes, facilitating complex query resolution requiring interconnected fact integration 1058, 166. Advanced systems enable LLM agents to query vector databases, access SQL databases, or utilize APIs within single workflows, with methodological advances focusing on reasoning capabilities, tool integration, memory mechanisms, and instruction fine-tuning for autonomous decision-making 703, 6. Advanced memory frameworks like Contextually-Aware Intelligent Memory (CAIM) enhance long-term interactions by incorporating cognitive AI principles through modules that enable storage and retrieval of user-specific information while supporting contextual and time-based relevance filtering . Note, correlation coefficients are meta-analytic ones based on results from Judge, Bono, llies, & Grehardt (2002). General intelligence One of the traits that has stood the test of time and is strongly related to leadership is general intelligence. As indicated elsewhere, we should be open to new conceptions of individual differences and how they are measured (Antonakis, Cianciolo et al., 2004); I look forward to seeing alternative individual-difference models proving their worth one day, as long as they have been tested thoroughly. Organizational managers give in to these pressures to reduce anxiety by taking actions that avoid conflict, maintain control and minimize change, thereby creating complex recursive rather than complex adaptive systems. In essence, they must attempt to operate as complex adaptive systems (Martin & Eisenhardt, 2010). Complexity leadership theory acknowledges the deep relationship between individual activity and the whole (Wheatley, 1992). 294Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶ ; Reply on Jurisdiction, ¶206. 293Response to the Request for Bifurcation of 27 August 2012, ¶36; Reply on Jurisdiction, ¶205; Counter-Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶95-96. 277Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶ ; Reply on Jurisdiction, ¶202(c). 274Memorial on Jurisdiction, ¶¶ ; Reply on Jurisdiction, ¶202(b). 273In this regard, the Respondent mentions the case of Iberdrola again, where the arbitration tribunal considered that the investor was making claims based on a treaty concerning matters that were actually utterly regulatory in relation to the tariffs applicable to the electricity sector. Although constructive narcissists – narcissists who managed their narcissistic challenges in a satisfying way – are no strangers to the pursuit of greatness, they are not searching for personal power alone. Narcissism can be classified as either constructive or reactive, with excess narcissistic behavior generally falling in the latter category and healthy narcissism generally falling in the former. How the major caretakers react to the child’s struggle to deal with the paradoxical quandary of infancy – i.e., how to resolve the tension between childhood helplessness and the ‘grandiose sense of self’ found in all children – is paramount to the child’s psychological health. The clinical term for the changes that take place during these early years of life is ‘narcissistic development.’ The process of growing up is necessarily accompanied by a high degree of frustration. There’s a greater plasticity early in life that allows us to be shaped by what we see, do, and feel. Knowledge-intensive workers, including software programmers, pose certain knowledge management challenges that transformational leaders are better equipped to deal with. Leaders can influence creativity within an organization by providing contexts conducive to the creation of knowledge amongst workers (Mumford, Whetzel & Reiter-Palmon, 1997; Redmond, Mumford & Teach, 1993). Leaders play a vital role in the process of managing organizational knowledge, by providing vision, motivation, systems, and structures at various levels of the organization, aimed at facilitating the conversion of knowledge into competitive advantages (Bryant, 2003). "What's going on internally is key to feeling good inside and glowing outside, and be ready for whatever life throws at you. The rhythm—I’ve got to figure it out and stay in time like a song. But we met and talked about it, had a great time, and I’m like, “I like this. Booze stays gone, meals stay clean, and he keeps moving—walks, yoga, weights . Papers were written by the different teams, and on the last day, the entire group discussed them. The group worked at Mount Hope for all or parts of five days. They decided that they must clarify the role of values, leader–follower relations, and power and context, including culture, in the general theory. The group agreed that a systems approach, incorporating post-Newtonian ideas of causality, was probably more apt to succeed than any linear model. Multi-stage retrieval pipelines optimize computational efficiency through techniques like graph-based reranking, enabling dynamic access to current information while reducing storage requirements . LightRAG’s dual-level retrieval system enhances information discovery while integrating graph structures with vector representations for efficient entity relationship retrieval, reducing response times while maintaining relevance . Low-latency retrieval approaches leverage graph-based methods demonstrating significant promise in speed-accuracy optimization, with dense passage retrieval techniques providing foundational improvements .