The Benefits of Apple Cider Vinegar for Weight Loss

The effects on fat oxidation were even smaller. The average cup of green tea contains 50 to 100 milligrams (mg) of catechins, which means you can expect to burn an additional 6 to 12 calories after drinking one. For example, compared to a caffeine-only supplement, a catechin-caffeine supplement led to greater elevations in 24-hour energy expenditure and fat oxidation compared to a placebo. It has been well studied that green tea polyphenols have the ability to inhibit fat digestion by way of inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase (PL) 6,20,26,27. Ethnicity is a factor due to the enzyme-related nature through which tea polyphenols induce weight loss (ethnicities vary in certain enzyme activity) 14,15. Results showed that a catechin-caffeine mixture has a small positive effect on weight loss and weight maintenance. There are a great number of other animal studies showing similar results of fat accumulation-suppressing properties of tea polyphenols 4,6,7,8,9,10. Green tea was more effective in slowing the fat accumulation rate, while goishi tea more effectively increased the lipolysis rate. In this article, we will explore the nutritional properties of Lipton green tea, its health benefits, and how it might fit into a balanced diet. Incorporating green tea into a healthy lifestyle can offer a multitude of potential benefits beyond weight management. “Beyond its purported weight-loss properties, green tea offers a wealth of health benefits, solidifying its reputation as more than just a trendy beverage. The lack of beneficial effects of the supplement is possibly due to the relatively low dose of EGCG used, especially in subjects who were previously treated for weight reduction. GTE was also more effective in lowering body weight gain and histological liver deterioration, but only BTE significantly elevated serum insulin levels . EGCG treatment also attenuated insulin resistance, plasma cholesterol and monocyte chemoattractant protein concentrations in mice on the high-fat diet 26, 27. Overweight, obesity and type 2 diabetes are emerging as major health issues in the U.S. and many other countries. It was reported that following consumption of 700 mg of pure theaflavins mixture, equivalent to about 30 cups of black tea by an individual, the maximum concentrations of theaflavin in plasma and urine were only 1 µg/L (1.8 nM) and 4.2 µg/L, respectively, . Our findings also indicate that the incorporation of green tea into exercise training yielded no greater effect on lipid profile measures compared to exercise training alone. Hursel et al. (2009) reported a significant reduction in weight due to green tea ingestion . Conversely, green tea consumption has been documented to elicit cardiometabolic effects 14,44,45. However, green tea consumption coupled with exercise training had no additional effect on lipid profile, including triglyceride, LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol. Flowchart of study selection for inclusion trials in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Green tea consists of compounds called flavonoids that help you lose weight. Caffeine /pharmacology; Catechin /pharmacology; Humans; Obesity /drug therapy /ethnology /metabolism; Satiation /drug effects /physiology; Tea /chemistry; Weight Loss /drug effects /physiology Some trials appeared to include participants with normal weights and these may not have been appropriate for the review. It appeared that only one author was involved in selecting studies and extracting data, which introduced potential for reviewer bias. The review addressed a clear question supported by appropriate inclusion/exclusion criteria for study design, intervention, comparators and outcomes. At the time of reporting, major UK supermarkets were offering remarkably affordable options for consumers interested in exploring these potential benefits. Green tea emerged as a particularly promising candidate among these natural options. According to Medical News Today, the review identified several foods and beverages that could positively influence GLP-1 activity. A review on the effect of green tea extract against obesity Food Science and Biotechnology Springer Nature Link A compound called epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) found in green tea has been identified to aid in breaking down fat and boosting metabolic rate. As individuals and health professionals alike strive to unravel natural means to combat obesity and its allied issues, green tea stands at the helm, offering a glimmer of hope. Amidst the plethora of dietary advices and weight loss products, individuals often find themselves in a quagmire of confusion, desperately seeking effective and natural weight loss solutions. The beckoning aroma and the calming sip of green tea are not merely a tradition but a small yet potent step towards a healthier tomorrow.

Stendell‐Hollis 2010 published data only

  • However, it’s imperative to consult with healthcare providers to determine the right amount of green tea consumption, especially if you are on medication for blood sugar control.
  • For instance, 70% of cheap tea users see less fat loss.
  • In the coming days, drinking sweet tea helped cure Susan’s munchies again and again.
  • It is also essential to debunk the myth that green tea is a ‘fat burner’ in the same way some dietary supplements are marketed.
  • A meta-analysis examined pooled mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated using the random-effects model.
  • Green tea supports weight loss naturally.
  • The activation of AMPK by EGCG and different types of teas has been demonstrated in vivo and in vitro 8, 83, 88–93.
  • This allowed an assessment of whether the total daily dose of green tea catechins used in each study was directly related to the effects attributed to the intervention.
Authors of the study concluded that the relatively higher AMPK-enhancing effects of BTP may have been caused by stronger glucosidase and amylase inhibition, in addition to changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Mice fed high-fat diets supplemented with GTP or BTP both saw enhanced AMPK activity, but through different mechanisms. Regulation of AMPK and PPARy can enhance fat oxidation and arrest the conversion of glucose into fat (gluconeogenesis) . The predominant chemical components in unfermented tea are catechins and caffeine, while in semi-fermented and fully fermented tea theaflavins, thearubigins and caffeine predominate. It is classified into unfermented tea (green tea, white tea), semi-fermented tea (oolong tea) and fully fermented tea (black tea and pu’erh tea). These reactions among residual carbohydrates, tea polyphenols, and gut microbiota within the colon produce short-chain fatty acids, which enhance lipid metabolism through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Comparison 2 Total daily dose of catechins, Outcome 2 Weight loss (sorted highest… Comparison 2 Total daily dose of catechins, Outcome 1 Weight loss (sorted highest… Comparison 1 Primary outcomes, Outcome 2 Weight loss ‐ studies conducted in/outside Japan. Veerman et al. (2022) explain the interaction between nintedatib, a multi-target tyrosin kinase inhibitor used as first-line monotherapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and green tea with P-gp induction as the most probable mechanism . The authors rule out the possibility of a direct physicochemical interaction between green tea and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but do not provide precise explanations for the possible mechanisms that cause the reduced bioavailability. A similar case exists with concomitant administration of erlotinib, lapatinib or sunitinib with green tea extract or EGCG, where pharmacokinetic parameters of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (such as AUC0–∞ and Cmax) were significantly reduced 104,105. Most data from in vitro and in vivo studies point to inhibitory effects on P-gp 85,101,102,103.

Exploring the Benefits:

In Japanese-style green tea (e.g., Sencha) fresh tea leaves are steamed at high temperatures (100 °C) in large rotating cylinders for 20–50 s 36,37. Sencha is made from leaves collected during the first and second harvests (first or second flushes of green tea), while Bancha is produced from tea leaves harvested in late summer or early autumn, a method known as late seasonal picking (third or fourth flush of green tea). Similarly, Japan offers a wide array of green tea varieties, with an estimated 20 distinct types recognized for their diversity. Thus, pre-workout tea enhances green tea slimming benefits. Drink green tea before exercise. As a result, activity fuels green tea metabolism boost. Also, because a segment of the population remains skeptical of caffeine's effect on health and avoids it, Lambert eliminated it from the research. The most effective way to deal with the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome is lifestyle change, Lambert explained, adding that if people really want to lose weight, they need to exercise more to burn more calories, and they need to eat less. Metabolic syndrome is the name for a group of risk factors -- such as increased waist circumference, elevated triglycerides, reduced HDL-cholesterol, increased blood pressure and increased fasting blood glucose -- that increase the chance of developing heart disease and other serious health problems, such as diabetes and stroke.

Green Tea for Weight Loss: The No-Hype, Done-For-You Guide

There were numerous potential reasons for heterogeneity among the studies, not the least of which was the significant variation in the content of the green tea preparation and in the doses used in studies. Increasing the number of participants, documenting how long they had been overweight and using green tea preparations of defined chemical composition in a standardised dose would help to improve overall quality and reproducibility of evidence. Data were sufficient for analysing one of the three primary outcomes of this review (change in body weight or mass measure). This was likely to be a consequence of the small number of studies, in addition to the factors described above for the weight loss studies. The meta‐analyses of studies conducted in Japan yielded a higher MD for all measurements of weight loss, with the exception of waist‐to‐hip ratio, than did the analyses of studies conducted outside of Japan. Click through for more on how skinny syrups help weight loss and skinny syrup recipes that are easy to make at home. Black tea typically has 40 to 75 mg of caffeine per cup and more robust, almost malty flavor. So we were excited when we recently discovered what may be our favorite weight-loss tea recipe ever. Studies show that if you drink this tea before being active, you'll burn off belly fat 25 times faster! Ginger in green tea may aid in losing weight by improving digestion and increasing metabolism. While honey has some health benefits, such as antioxidants, it doesn’t significantly contribute to weight loss. Lemon green tea is an excellent choice for weight loss. It retains all the weight-reducing benefits of green tea while providing a calming effect. While it contains fewer catechins, it still offers antioxidants and some weight loss benefits. A comprehensive scientific review has identified several natural dietary compounds that might mirror the mechanism of GLP-1 medications, offering hope for more accessible weight management solutions. Groundbreaking research has revealed that a humble hot beverage costing just 4p per cup could potentially replicate the effects of expensive weight loss injections. When the data were collected (see last sentence in “Results, Included studies”) it became apparent that there was a range in values, as well as some overlap in values and it was decided that analysis would not be meaningful and therefore was not included in the review. Finally, when designing the analysis of the studies, we thought it would be instructive to conduct a sensitivity analysis to see the effect that including studies that used different definitions of the BMI that was considered as overweight or obese would have. The interaction between GTE and exercise training is interesting and animal studies are generally supportive of additive or interactive effects of GTE on an exercise training program. At present, the underlying mechanisms to explain the improvements in fat oxidation following longer term GTE intake are incompletely understood. However, what the above studies lack is a direct comparison with a control group consisting of GTE intake only at rest rather than just an exercise-only group. In addition these studies, others also showed that the highest GTE concentration caused a significant increase in plasma FA concentrations at the end of exhaustive exercise (39, 85, 88, 93).
Biological Mechanisms
In addition, the leave-one-out method was performed for sensitivity analysis to define each study’s influence on overall effect size. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of the included studies using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. If any study had more than one posttest assessment, the final data collection was included in the meta-analysis. Green Tea Benefits: Dietitian On Weight Loss, Cancer Risk Impact Other enzymes that are also involved in biotransformation of green tea catechins are uridine 5′-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). Methylxanthines, represented mainly by caffeine, and less by theophylline and theobromine, are significantly less-studied than catechins; they could also confer an increased risk of interactions, not only as perpetrator agents but also as victims. However, possible pharmacokinetic interactions should be taken into account to avoid changes in antitumor drugs and to exploit the benefits of green tea use. Green tea, especially when consumed in large amounts on an empty stomach, is known to cause irritation in the gastrointestinal system. Recent studies have shown that administration of moderate doses of EGCG to mice can produce ROS, which activates the Nrf-2-mediated induction of antioxidant and other cytoprotective enzymes 14, 15. Some of these actions are described in this article, and some have been discussed in reviews by Wang et al. and by Kim et al. . Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the most abundant form of catechin in green tea, has been known to be the main attributable factor of beneficial effects of green tea . Despite these equivocal results, several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the positive effect of green tea on glucose metabolism or obesity. However, a limited number of clinical trials using green tea, green tea extracts (GTEs), or its main ingredient catechin have shown disappointing results in controlling hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic patients or protecting the condition in healthy subjects. Evidences from epidemiological studies suggest the possibility of green tea being a novel strategy for treatment or prevention of obesity and diabetes. Green tea and green tea extracts are prime examples of this phenomenon. If you run a quick internet search on supplements for weight loss, you’ll find thousands of products boasting evidence-based formulas to fuel rapid results. Start small—replace one sugary drink with green tea today—and build from there. Eight studies conducted in Japan were too different from each other to be combined for analysis; however, they reported a MD in weight loss that ranged from ‐3.5 to ‐0.2 kg (1030 participants). It was appropriate that the majority of studies documented, limited, or both the amount of caffeine participants consumed daily, as well as the amount of caffeine in the green tea preparation. Therefore, further study is required before it can be determined if green tea has a role in weight maintenance.
  • Through this discourse, we shall unravel the authoritative benefits of drinking green tea for weight loss, shedding light on how this ancient brew could be a game-changer in today’s health-conscious world.
  • Research suggests that green tea can speed up metabolism (the process that changes food into energy), aiding in weight loss.
  • “Teas contain catechins, which can increase metabolism by stimulating the body to break fats down more quickly and burn more calories,” Koszyk says.
  • Focus on making long-term lifestyle changes, including balanced nutrition and regular exercise, for sustainable results.
  • The orexigenic effects of black tea polyphenols on the brain should be studied.
  • The lack of positive loss in weight is not surprising considering only one of the six studies showed a statistically significant weight loss.
  • Lynn brings her expertise in nutrition, exercise, and behavior change to her work in helping people reach their individual health and fitness goals.
  • However, the authors did not assess changes in liver, skeletal muscle, or adipose tissue gene expression following GTE intake.
Introduction: The Green Tea Weight Loss Enigma
The effects of green tea consumption on the anthropometric and biochemical parameters of patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated in an interventional trial, without changing the usual lifestyle of the participants. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the possible effects of different daily doses of GT intake for eight weeks on certain metabolic, oxidative stress, and anthropometric biomarkers in patients with T2DM. High intake of tea may reduce the risk of coronary disease because of the lowering of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. Among them green tea (GT) is an excellent source of phenolic antioxidants including catechins and epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG). Drinking four cups of green tea led to a significant reduction in weight and systolic blood pressure. She was soon in the habit of enjoying “sweet tea” a few times a day. In the coming days, drinking sweet tea helped cure Susan’s munchies again and again. It was caramel, which she though would be nice in tea. She recalled childhood summers when her mother would boil tea bags, add sugar and pour it over ice. For weight loss, aim for 2–4 cups (500–1,000 ml) of green tea daily to balance benefits with caffeine intake. Even without exercise, green tea’s compounds encourage your body to tap into fat stores, supporting gradual weight loss. Using a comparable study design, Rumpler et al. (19) showed that a catechin-rich oolong tea taken during a 24-h period (662 mg/d catechins, 270 mg/d caffeine) caused a 12% increase in 24-h fat oxidation rates compared with water. Analysis of these 'caffeine‐less' studies showed small, statistically significant reductions in weight, BMI and waist circumference, indicating that the catechins in green tea and not caffeine were likely to be responsible for the modest effect on weight loss. Green tea is one of the most common natural ingredients included in over-the-counter weight loss products available in Canada. At least 60% of Canadians are above their ideal body weight, putting them at increased risk of chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis and cardiovascular (CV) disease.1,2 Weight loss products made from natural sources appeal to consumers due to the (mis)perception that “natural” usually means safe. Tesco was selling packs of 20 green tea bags for just 80p, working out to a mere 4p per cup - making this potential weight management aid accessible to virtually everyone. The research demonstrated that after twelve weeks, participants consuming catechin-enriched green tea experienced greater reductions in visceral fat area compared to the control group. Combining these elements increases daily energy expenditure by encouraging a higher calorie-burning rate. Its low-calorie count (about 2 calories per cup) makes it an excellent addition to a weight-loss regime. Though it has less caffeine than coffee, it provides a gentle energy boost. This has beneficial effects, preserving the active compounds and destroying the enzymes that would break them down rapidly. Green tea, on the other hand, is prepared by lightly steaming the leaves after picking. Lipton green tea is a convenient and affordable option for losing weight. Pairing green tea with breakfast helps your body utilize calories more efficiently. The timing of your green tea consumption can impact its effectiveness for weight reduction. Finally, it’s critical to understand that while these preparation tips can help maximize the potential benefits of green tea, they do not alter the fundamental science. However, relying on green tea as a pre-workout supplement for significant fat burning is unrealistic. Beyond the basics of temperature and steeping, the timing of green tea consumption can also influence its effects. This provides indirect evidence that GTE may have caused an increase in fat oxidation via the inhibition of COMT. On average, studies that used Asian populations found greater weight loss (1.51 kg) than studies that used Caucasian individuals (0.82 kg). Hursel et al. (16) concluded in a recent meta-analysis that ethnicity may influence the effect of GTE on weight loss. On the other hand, day-to-day variation in fat oxidation appears to be greater than the within-trial variation at rest (25% CV) (49) and during exercise (9.6% CV) (50). This step effectively preserves the catechins, maintaining the leaves’ green color and delicate flavor. It is one of the most consumed tea varieties worldwide and has been steadily gaining popularity, now accounting for about 20% of global tea production. Although they are harvested from the same plant, there are many different types of tea depending on the manufacturing process. In line with this study, we observed a small effect size for weight reduction by green tea consumption coupled with exercise training. Bérubé-Parent et al. (2005) conducted a study and demonstrated that the ingestion of green tea catechin with caffeine resulted in a daily increase in energy expenditure of 750 kJ . Previous studies indicate that green tea elevates energy expenditure and induces fat oxidation rate upon ingestion. Zhang et al. indicated that habitual intake of green tea reduced body fat mass . All 14 studies were examined in an effort to identify sources of heterogeneity among the studies. Comparison 2 Total daily dose of catechins, Outcome 1 Weight loss (sorted highest to lowest total daily dose of catechins). Five of 18 studies (Kajimoto 2005; Kozuma 2005; Suzuki 2009; Wang 2010; Westerterp‐Plantenga 2005) were judged to have an unclear risk of bias based on reporting (or lack of reporting) of funding sources for studies (Characteristics of included studies; Figure 3) All studies were judged to be free of selective reporting with the two exceptions (Kovacs 2004; Tsuchida 2002), where it was judged unclear if there was selective reporting (Characteristics of included studies; Figure 3). Two studies (Hsu 2008; Maki 2009) had higher attrition rates than the others, with Hsu reporting a 78% completion rate and Maki documenting a completion rate of 84% for the intervention group and 79% for the control group. Green tea can be integrated into this healthy lifestyle as a source of antioxidants and a mild energy boost, but it shouldn’t be viewed as the primary driver of weight loss. The documented effects of green tea on metabolism are modest and often observed in controlled laboratory settings, which don’t always translate to real-world scenarios. Relying solely on green tea for weight loss is unrealistic and unlikely to yield significant or lasting results. In conclusion, while green tea may offer some minor metabolic benefits, it’s crucial to debunk the pervasive myth that it acts as a standalone weight-loss miracle. Focusing on realistic expectations and incorporating healthy habits such as a balanced diet, regular exercise, and sufficient sleep are more effective strategies for long-term weight management. Green tea can influence hormones like norepinephrine, which signals fat cells to break down fat. Another benefit of green tea is its potential to help reduce appetite. This is particularly beneficial during exercise, as the body requires additional energy. EGCG is the most potent catechin in green tea and plays a significant role in this process. The predominant hypothesis is that GTC influence sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, increasing EE, and promoting the oxidation of fat. This review reveals the positive effects of GTC supplementation on RQ values (272 subjects). Eligible studies considered both the chronic and acute intake of GTC-based supplements, with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) doses ranging between 100–800 mg.
  • Matcha is powdered whole green tea leaf, so you drink the leaf itself (hello, catechins).
  • Green tea does not only offer numerous health benefits, but it also helps to improve your metabolism – this helps you burn more calories and makes it easier for you to lose weight and keep it off.
  • It’s important to remember that while these findings are promising, the overall impact of green tea on weight loss is often modest, and individual results can vary.
  • The remaining four studies referred to an acute intake of green tea extract during the test days.
  • In this milieu, the humble green tea leaf unveils its prowess, not just as a part of cultural rituals, but as a potent aid in weight loss and health management.
  • Research shows that having two servings of green tea per day improves body composition and helps reduce fat.
It is puzzling that studies that used the highest total daily doses of green tea catechins did not produce the greatest effect on weight loss; in fact several of the studies using the highest doses appeared to produce effects that were not statistically significant. Meta‐analysis of six studies conducted outside Japan showed that preparations of green tea produced a statistically non‐significant MD in weight loss of approximately ‐0.04 kg, compared to control, during the 12‐week study period (Analysis 1.1). A subgroup analysis, as specified in the protocol for this review, was conducted to assess the effect that the presence or absence of caffeine may have on weight loss induced by green tea preparations. Total daily dose of green tea catechins, individual catechins such as epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) or both, and caffeine were recorded for each study and used in assessment of whether the dose of specific constituents was directly related to effects produced in studies. Sixteen participants dropped out during very‐low‐energy diet period before ever receiving the intervention or placebo. An adapted PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) flow‐chart of study selection is included as Figure 1 (Liberati 2009). Results of relevance assessments were compared and differences of opinion were resolved by discussion and through contacting study authors for clarification, if required. Full text was obtained of all potentially relevant records and assessed for relevance independently by three review authors (TMJ, AMW, LK) using a relevance assessment form developed specifically for this review. Boosting metabolism Caffeine, a natural stimulant, can temporarily increase metabolic rate, potentially leading to a slight increase in calorie expenditure. It’s not a magic bullet for shedding pounds, but rather a supportive element within a broader strategy encompassing balanced nutrition, regular exercise, and mindful living. Sustainable weight management requires a holistic approach that encompasses balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, stress management, and adequate sleep. While green tea can contribute to a healthy lifestyle, it’s essential to remember that it is not a miracle cure for weight loss. While the presence of metabolism-boosting compounds like catechins, particularly epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and caffeine suggests a potential for weight loss, the actual effect varies considerably. Rather than viewing green tea as a magic bullet for weight loss, consider it a health-enhancing beverage that, when incorporated into a holistic approach, can contribute to overall well-being. For this reason, the recent discovery of potent AMPK activation through SCFA generation in the colon may be significant in assessing how various tea types perform differently in inducing weight-loss. As this paper will continue to argue, the relative potency of amylase and glucosidase inhibition among fermented teas may be particularly relevant to their weight-loss efficacy. The synthesis of these unique compounds were suggested to have resulted from fermentation during black tea processing 43,44. Similar to lipase inhibition, amylase and glucosidase inhibition serve to decrease energy intake, excreting carbohydrates out of the body before they can be digested. How Do I Drink Green Tea for Weight Loss? In the waist‐to‐hip ratio measurement, only one study provided baseline, follow up, and change data (Tsuchida 2002). MDs and SDs for waist‐to‐hip ratio were reported for only two studies (Hill 2007; Tsuchida 2002). This allowed calculations of correlations between baseline and final measurements at end of study, which could be used to impute mean change scores and SDs. All studies included a placebo arm using preparations that closely matched the intervention in terms of dosage form and appearance. Two studies reported the average BMI of participants but provided the BMI range of the group when contacted (Kataoka 2004; Takashima 2004). Lifestyle factors, such as regular exercise, stress levels, and sleep quality, also play a crucial role in how your body responds to green tea. Conversely, a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein creates a supportive environment for green tea’s potential benefits to take effect. Moreover, the composition of your gut microbiome can also influence how your body metabolizes green tea compounds, potentially affecting the overall benefits you experience. Setting realistic goals and embracing a long-term perspective is essential when incorporating green tea into your weight loss plan. This highlights the importance of integrating green tea into a comprehensive weight loss strategy rather than relying on it as a standalone solution.
  • The plant from which green tea is prepared contains hundreds of different chemicals that may contribute to its pharmacological activity.
  • Baseline characteristics of participants, including mean body weight and BMI, did not identify obvious sources of heterogeneity.
  • These specific adaptations are responsible for improving exercise performance.
  • This explains why some individuals may report feeling a noticeable change in their energy levels or a perceived increase in fat burning, while others experience little to no effect.
  • Pairing green tea with diet works.
  • Stable blood sugar is crucial for weight loss, as spikes and crashes trigger cravings and fat storage.
The purposed pathway is the generation of SCFA in the gut resulting from a reaction between residual undigested carbohydrates, modulated gut microbiota, and tea polyphenols. It has been shown in vitro that the production of SCFA is dramatically influenced by diet and intestinal microbiota . However, a diet low in carbohydrates may lead to less substrate for SCFA generation, which could lead to lower AMPK activation. This inconsistency may be explained by both the large variation in gut microbiota composition among individuals, and the variability of polyphenol bioavailability in the body.
Mechanisms behind the effects of longer term green tea intake
It should also be noted that green tea composition may vary significantly due to several factors, including the growing conditions of the tea plants, the timing of the leaf harvest, and post-harvest processing as well as storage conditions. In 2020, the global tea market was valued at approximately USD 200 billion, and it is projected to increase to over USD 318 billion by 2025 . Historical records, including the ancient medical text Shen Nong’s Herbal Classic, demonstrate that the Chinese population was aware of tea’s health-promoting and disease-preventative properties. Green tea, derived from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze plant, is among the most widely consumed and health-promoting beverages worldwide. Therefore, future studies regarding the possibilities of catechins administration are needed.
  • Tea is manufactured through non-, partial, and full fermentation of the leaves to produce green tea, oolong tea, and black tea, respectively (13).
  • If you’re sensitive to caffeine, you’ll want to fine-tune the amount so that you’re not overdoing it and start to feel sick, Lee advises.
  • When paired with well-planned meals, green tea may help with digestion, energy levels, and blood sugar regulation.
  • Of all the teas, this mild, bittersweet variety has the most research to back up its potential weight loss benefits.
  • Green tea can be a valuable component of a healthy lifestyle, but relying solely on it for significant weight loss is unrealistic and potentially misleading.
  • A key approach involves incorporating catechins into liposomes, nanoparticles, or other drug delivery systems, which may improve their stability, gastrointestinal absorption, and plasma concentrations.
  • Although green tea is generally considered safe and healthy, thanks to its many proven benefits, as with any food or drink, there can be too much of a good thing.
  • The focus should be on its potential to support overall health and wellness, not just its limited contribution to weight management.
  • Furthermore, despite the potential health benefits of green tea, at present, catechins have limited application, primarily in tea beverages or dietary supplements.
  • Distributing your green tea intake throughout the day, rather than consuming it all at once, can help avoid potential side effects like jitteriness or sleep disturbances.
Through their study, they reaffirm the observation that the antioxidant efficacy of phenolic compounds is primarily determined by the quantity and positioning of hydroxyl groups. An in vivo study revealed that acetylated EGCG exhibits a stronger ability to inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells compared to EGCG . In their study, Son et al. (2016) found that the digestive stability of GTCs in this latter combination is further enhanced by encapsulation in γ-cyclodextrin or coating with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate . But it does have beneficial properties that can fight fat and keep your waistline in check. She applies the tenets of lifestyle medicine to reduce the risk of chronic disease and improve health outcomes for her patients. She is a diplomate of the American College of Lifestyle Medicine and has a master's degree in nutrition and exercise physiology from Columbia University. Reyna Franco, RDN, is a New York City–based dietitian-nutritionist, certified specialist in sports dietetics, and certified personal trainer. While test-tube studies can help direct future research, the results don’t necessarily translate to actual human beings, Kosyk says. Many, but not all, studies in the U.S. and Europe demonstrated an inverse association between black tea consumption and CVD risk (reviewed in ). A retrospective cohort study of 17,413 Japanese adults aged 40–65 years indicated that daily consumption of more than 6 cups of green tea (but not Oolong or black tea) lowered the risk of diabetes by 33% . Two recent epidemiological studies also suggested the beneficial effects of green tea consumption on MetS 44, 45. Furthermore, catechins can directly neutralize free radicals by interacting with their reactive forms, resulting in the formation of relatively stable phenolic oxygen radicals. Antioxidant enzymes play a key physiological role by inactivating free radicals, which are normal byproducts of cellular metabolism, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). These include increasing the levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes by regulating their expression, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, directly scavenging free radicals, and chelating metal ions to suppress oxidative reactions . The authors found no increase in fat oxidation with any of the treatments compared with placebo. To date, the exact composition of GTE catechins required to stimulate fat oxidation is unknown. GTE did not increase fat oxidation in any of the GTE groups compared with placebo. It’s effective for weight loss if consumed without added sugar. Tetley green tea is a popular choice due to its affordability and availability. Quality and added ingredients greatly influence their effectiveness for weight loss. Prolonged oxidation, which is commonly referred to as “fermentation,” also changes the makeup of polyphenols, or plant compounds, in black tea. Go ahead and prepare that cup — and as you sip, check out this list of the top teas for weight loss, in order from strongest evidence to weakest. These differences also affect the nutritional composition of each tea, which means certain types may be better suited for weight loss than others. If your beverages are typically high-calorie, swapping in tea may lead to weight loss. Stay active with green tea. For example, 70% of tea drinkers burn 17% more fat during runs. Drink green tea with meals. There was good tolerance of the treatment among subjects without any side effects or adverse events. This study also demonstrated a consistent trend of decreased total cholesterol, reaching 5.33%, and decreased LDL plasma levels. For example, 60% of family dieters stick to plans. Involve family in tea habits. By thoroughly examining the effectiveness and mechanism of green tea extract, the study seeks to understand the potential of green tea extract as a nutraceutical/functional food for obesity management and prevention. It focuses on markers for body fat reduction in rodent models and humans, including weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and waist circumference. To assess the effectiveness of green tea extract, the review systematically examines various obesity indicators. This review aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of a well-researched functional food ingredient, green tea extract, for combating obesity. Therefore, plans support green tea for weight loss. Thus, diet powers green tea fat loss. These strategies clarify green tea in weight loss. As a result, prep fuels green tea for weight loss. Take “fat oxidation,” for example. First, it’s important to clarify how weight loss works. They’ve been studied for a wide range of potential uses, from boosting exercise performance to cardiovascular health and even cognition. How Much Green Tea Should You Drink? Incorporating green tea into your daily routine can be both simple and enjoyable. When considering safety and effectiveness, green tea tends to be a gentle option, especially when consumed as a brewed beverage. When you step into the world of weight loss aids, you’ll quickly realize there's a spectrum of options, each with its own buzz. While many studies indicate positive outcomes, results can vary due to differences in study design, populations, and dosages used. These compounds are said to potentially enhance fat burning and increase metabolic rate. These tips show green tea in weight loss. As a result, suppression supports green tea for weight loss. Therefore, oxidation fuels green tea fat burning. This paper reviews several different tea polyphenol-induced weight-loss mechanisms, and purposes a way in which these mechanisms may be interrelated. While it may offer some metabolic benefits and contribute to a small reduction in weight or help maintain a healthy weight, it’s not a miracle cure. Remember that green tea is just one piece of the puzzle, and its effectiveness is maximized when combined with other healthy habits. However, the impact of these effects on overall weight loss is generally considered modest and varies among individuals. Instead, think of green tea as a supportive element within a larger framework of healthy choices. The notion that simply drinking green tea will lead to significant weight reduction is a misconception that needs to be addressed. Excessive caffeine intake can lead to side effects such as jitters, anxiety, and sleep disturbances. Generally, consuming 2-3 cups of brewed green tea per day is a reasonable intake for most adults. Remember, sustainable weight management is a holistic endeavor that encompasses diet, exercise, and overall lifestyle choices.
  • A compound called epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) found in green tea has been identified to aid in breaking down fat and boosting metabolic rate.
  • In fact, folks given a catechin-rich drink were able to burn off midsection flab 25 times faster than those given diet soft drinks.
  • Each variety boasts a unique profile of catechins and other antioxidants, offering a diverse range of potential health benefits.
  • Furthermore, human case reports have linked the consumption of green tea supplements to hepatotoxicity .
  • The type of tea, origin of the leaves, brewing technique, and source of green tea can all influence the catechin content (13).
  • Nine studies reported on compliance/adherence, one study assessed attitude towards eating as part of the health‐related quality of life outcome.
  • Green and black tea come from the same tree, but the tea leaves are processed differently after they’re picked, Fung says.
  • All studies included a placebo arm using preparations that closely matched the intervention in terms of dosage form and appearance.
A further consideration could be the daily dose of consumed green tea required for detecting effects on energy metabolism. The analyses also showed that the EGCG resulted in metabolic and EE differences, but the effects on the other measures of energy metabolism, such as fat oxidation, were relatively mild. However, compared with placebo, daily fat-oxidation was only significantly increased after catechin–caffeine mixture consumption . The observed reduction in RQ values indicates high fat oxidation and low carbohydrate oxidation, and this finding represents a promising strategy for weight loss. Fourteen RCTs that met inclusion criteria for the Cochrane Systematic Review were judged to be of low risk of bias for the majority of evaluated criteria and were of reasonable quality in terms of study design. Our team of journalists works to bring you accurate, impartial and fake news-free information, so you can always make the best decisions. Bereaved parents and campaigners intensify calls for immediate social media restrictions for children under 16, citing alarming mental health statistics and online dangers. However, other reports indicate that black tea decreased body weight without altering the food intake 27,30. A study published in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine analyzed the effects of green tea extract on overweight women with high LDL levels compared with those taking a placebo. “Extracts that are rich in ECGC may increase calorie and fat metabolism (maybe because of the catechins, caffeine, and theanine), and it might suppress appetite in animal research. Reported adverse effects (Gregory 2011) of green tea (as beverage, unless otherwise stated) include. For example, a green tea product may be made by encapsulating purified EGCG, other catechins, or both that occur naturally in green tea. Some commercial green tea products are prepared using individual catechins that occur naturally in green tea and are isolated and purified. Weight loss products made from natural sources, such as green tea, are being used by increasing numbers of overweight adults who hope that because the product is 'natural' it will be safer than prescription drugs and will be effective in helping them lose weight. Many overweight people have tried a variety of methods such as prescription and over‐the‐counter medications, diets and exercise programmes to lose weight, often with limited or short‐term success.
  • While some individuals might experience a noticeable boost in their metabolism and fat oxidation after consuming green tea, others may observe minimal changes.
  • Two recent epidemiological studies also suggested the beneficial effects of green tea consumption on MetS 44, 45.
  • Could daily consumption of one cup each of green, oolong, and black tea outperform the effects of three cups daily of any single tea type?
  • Green tea can absolutely be part of your plan—especially if it’s replacing high-calorie beverages.
  • Results of the effects of green tea preparations on 184 participants on weight maintenance after an initial weight loss were not statistically significant for any of the four measurements of weight change.
  • This disease causes health problems, such as dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension and inflammation.
The situation in vivo could be different due to the lack of auto-oxidation of EGCG as discussed in Section 2.2. The detailed mechanism by which EGCG activates AMPK is still unclear, although the involvement of ROS has been suggested based on studies in vitro . The activation of AMPK by EGCG and different types of teas has been demonstrated in vivo and in vitro 8, 83, 88–93. In addition to maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, AMPK also responds to different hormone signals to maintain whole body energy balance . This increased the expression of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 and raised the AMP-to-ATP ratio, thereby stimulating oxidative metabolism in liver and adipose tissue via AMPK. Dietary SCFA supplementation prevented and reversed high-fat diet-induced metabolic abnormalities in mice by decreasing PPARy expression and activity. A recent in vivo study on male C57Bl/6J mice showed that dietary SCFA induced a PPARy-dependent switch from lipid synthesis to utilization . EGCG in green tea has been shown in vivo and in vitro to activate AMPK 23,77,78,79,80. What works can depend on what is causing an individual’s weight problems. “Weight management is often very multifactorial,” says Melanie McGrice, accredited practising dietitian (APD) and spokesperson for the Dietitians Association of Australia (DAA). Green tea should be seen as a supportive element rather than a miracle solution. However, it’s important to note that the effects can vary from person to person. The relevant analysis of data has been presented in the manuscript or supplementary materials. This study received no specific grant from public, commercial, or not-for-profit funding sectors. Notably, a considerable degree of heterogeneity was observed in certain variables, which can be attributed to the limited number of studies included.

Skip the Supplements: The Liver Risk

Unlocking the full potential of green tea’s beneficial compounds hinges on proper brewing techniques. While these supplements may appear to offer a more potent weight-loss solution, they also carry a higher risk of side effects. This variation in results highlights the individual variability in response to green tea and the importance of considering the broader lifestyle context. The abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila has been shown previously to be increased in prebiotic-treated ob/ob mice, which had lower fat mass compared to the control ob/ob mice . We propose that such a mechanism of action is even more important for the action of black tea polyphenols (theaflavins and thearubigins), which have very low or no bioavailability. The mechanisms for the inhibition of digestion and absorption of proteins by tea catechins have not been studied extensively. For example, the lowering of intestinal absorption of cholesterol in rats was attributed to decreased micellar solubility of cholesterol by black tea polyphenols . The activated (phosphorylated) AMPK regulates metabolism in different organs toward the direction of reducing (↓) gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, insulin secretion and ectopic fat deposition in muscle and liver.
  • This not only supports weight management but also boosts energy and focus throughout the day.
  • The inhibition of α-amylase from human saliva by polyphenols of tea was investigated in vitro.
  • Remember that long-term health and weight management are best achieved through consistent effort and informed choices rather than relying on quick fixes.
  • The eight studies conducted in Japan were not similar enough to allow pooling of results and MD in weight loss ranged from ‐0.2 kg to ‐3.5 kg (1030 participants) in favour of green tea preparations.
  • Such studies do not consider the bioavailability of catechins in humans, reflected in the dose and form of catechins used in vitro.
  • Alternate green tea with water or herbal teas to stay hydrated without excess caffeine.
  • This makes green tea a perfect pre-workout drink for activities like running, cycling, or yoga.
  • While its antioxidant content is slightly lower than matcha’s, it still offers metabolic benefits that can aid in weight management.
  • Moreover, focusing on green tea can significantly target harmful belly fat, promoting a leaner, healthier body.
You can also check out these 8 Healthy Habits for Weight Loss That Don't Require Dieting for more tips on living a healthier lifestyle—without starving yourself. Try my Matcha Green Tea Frozen Yogurt Recipe for a healthy dessert. It may have appetite-suppressive effects in certain people or under certain conditions, but the results are so variable that it can’t be classified as such. EGCG, a powerful antioxidant, has demonstrated the ability to inhibit the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), which is responsible for breaking down norepinephrine, a key hormone involved in the regulation of fat metabolism. While EGCG has demonstrable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, its direct impact on significant weight loss remains a subject of ongoing research. Green tea contains a class of polyphenols called catechins, the most abundant of which is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The temperature of the water, the steeping time, and even the type of green tea leaves used can all affect the final concentration of catechins and caffeine. While every bit counts, relying solely on green tea for weight loss is akin to expecting a single drop of rain to fill a reservoir. To put this into perspective, the metabolic boost from green tea is often compared to the slight increase one might experience after a light exercise session. A sensitivity analysis of funding was not done in the review as the level of detail provided among the studies was insufficient. Rather than conduct a subgroup analysis, this was done instead by re‐ordering the forest plot of effect size according to daily dose of catechins to see if trends were apparent. What became clear when analysing studies was that there was qualitative and quantitative variation in chemicals contained in the green tea preparations being tested. Preparations of green tea used for 12 weeks in overweight/obese patients produced a very small, statistically non‐significant loss of weight, decrease in BMI, and decrease in waist circumference compared to a control substance. Although there was only overlap in eight of the 15 studies between the Phung 2010 systematic review and ours, our findings are in agreement with Phung when the quantity of caffeine was similar in the intervention and control. Administration of GTE (100 mg/kg body weight) to mice, the phosphorylation of AMPK and its upstream kinase, LKB1, increased in the liver (by 2–3 and 1.5–2 fold, respectively) . However, the relevance of some in vitro studies is uncertain because the concentrations of catechins used (20–100 µM or higher) were much higher than their blood or tissue levels observed after tea ingestion. The anti-obesity and anti-diabetes effects of tea polyphenols have been studied in different experimental animal models and systems in vitro (reviewed in 1–4, 82).