Additional research should be conducted to assess data availability, comparability and coverage for various sexual health indicators, since data availability may unexpectedly be higher for low- and middle-income countries than high-income countries.24 Other databases, such as the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) AIDSinfo, also include sexual health indicators. The tendency to limit the conceptualization of sexual health to people of reproductive age ignores the well-being of a considerable proportion of the population. For example, the administration of standardized ginseng extract (100 mg/kg) daily for 90 d in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats has been shown to result in a significant improvement of fertility parameters and decrease in testicular pathological signs, such as degenerative changes of the seminiferous tubules.50 Furthermore, the consumption of Korean red ginseng (30 mg/kg, three times a week for 1 mo) can help streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic male rats to improve on libido and sexual performance.51 In addition, ginseng has been shown to be able to stabilize diabetes disease progression. In animal studies, treatment with Korean red ginseng and ginseng berry extract has been shown to significantly relax the pre-contracted penile corpus cavernosum smooth muscles of rabbits in vitro, and increase the intracavernosal pressure of rats in vivo.9,10 Data from studies on ginseng berry extract suggest that this action is nitric oxide (NO) dependent. In the United States, 17% constantly visited herbal therapist in the past 18 mo out of the 29% of infertile couples who use complementary and alternative medicine.3 In a clinic-based survey conducted in Jordan, 44% of infertile patients use herbal medicine as part of their infertility treatment.4 Among them, 8% went for Chinese medication.4 In South Australia, 29% of interviewed infertile subjects use herbal remedies, in which 4.2% uses ginseng.5 This review compiles the current knowledge about the multifaceted effects of ginseng on male reproductive function, and also focuses on its mechanisms of action that may represent novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of male reproductive diseases or disorders. In addition, ginseng is found to improve the sperm quality and count of healthy individuals as well as patients with treatment-related infertility. A grade of “high,” “moderate,” “low,” and “very low” was used for grading the overall evidence indicating the strength of an effect on specific health outcome according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria . We conducted a meta-analysis for individual studies using the software Review Manager, version 5.3 (Cochrane Collaboration, London, United Kingdom). Quality assessment of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was done according to the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Any disagreements on selection of studies between these two primary abstractors were resolved by the third reviewer. The titles and abstracts of all studies identified were screened independently by two reviewers for relevance and matched. This review assesses the impact of interventions to improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health (including the interventions to prevent female genital mutilation/cutting FGM/C) and to prevent intimate violence. We developed an inventory of 18 existing, nationally representative surveys and surveillance systems that contain individual-level data related to sexual health. In addition, as noted previously, some sexual health indicators addressing important topics are on discontinued surveys, making tracking of such data impossible. The study endpoint was the ability to perform vaginal intercourse for at least 3 months after therapy utilizing the same PDE5 inhibitor regimen they were using before the procedure. The energy created by the shockwave initiates the release of vascular endothelial growth factor, which induces cell proliferation and results in angiogenesis, wound healing and tissue regeneration.45 There was a study of 160 men previously classified as “PDE 5 non-responders” who underwent a total of 8-20 sessions of Li-ESWT. Shockwave therapy was first introduced as a non-invasive treatment for kidney stones, but since its implementation for kidney stones the utilization of shockwave therapy for other diseases processes has expanded and includes both ED and Peyronie’s disease.45 Low-intensity extracorporal shockwave therapy (Li-ESWT) was first introduced in 2010 for the treatment of vasculogenic ED. For example, the importance of blocking public access to online interventions and developing powerful security features is underlined . Technical partners, such as social networking sites, are bound by specific laws and contractual data protection clauses, and there is a clear regulatory framework for many countries . On social networking sites, some researchers use closed groups to control the exchange of participants' data. In the studies reviewed here, authors provided little information on how they protected participants' data. For example, the lower use of social networking sites for research compared to websites may also be due to the fact that the ownership of the data from youth participation belongs to these media. Ginseng has also been reputed as an aphrodisiac, and is used to treat sexual dysfunction as well as to enhance sexual behavior in traditional Chinese medical practices. These favorable outcomes include delays in the age of sexual debut, reductions in sexual activity rates and the number of sexual partners, and increases in contraception and condom use. Sexual and reproductive health is a fundamental human right for all people, including adolescents and young adults (AYAs). Technology-based interventions including custom-computerized intervention in which content and delivery were based on the Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills model of health behavior change and teen-led, media literacy curriculum focused on sexual portrayals in the media were effective in improving sexual knowledge but did not have any impact on contraceptive use. (A) Search flow for interventions to improve sexual and reproductive health and prevent adolescent pregnancy (de novo review). Information was extracted on (1) the characteristics of included studies; (2) description of methods, participants, interventions, and outcomes; (3) measurement of treatment effects; (4) methodological issues; and (5) risk of bias tool. We considered all available published systematic reviews on the interventions to improve adolescent sexual health. This article aims to assess the impact of interventions to improve sexual and reproductive health, prevent adolescent pregnancy; FGM/C; and intimate partner violence. BMI, body mass index; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin.This data would be less easy to protect in terms of security, confidentiality, and privacy, especially against cyberstalking, requiring moderation at all times.In this study, we examined whether MR-10 can enhance the levels of male sex hormones and improve andropause symptoms.Information was extracted on study design, geographical setting, intervention type and description, mode of delivery, and outcomes assessed.We then assessed and reported the quality of included reviews using the 11-point AMSTAR criteria .We used Michie’s taxonomy to analyze the BCT used by interventions, depending on the information available in the intervention.“Panax” means “all-healing” in Greek, and Panax ginseng is conventionally referred to the Asian ginseng. Most of the studies did not report data segregated by gender which is essential since males and females might respond differently to behavioral interventions. There was a lack of rigorous study design for the interventions to prevent FGM/C with most studies utilizing before and after designs without comparable controls, although individual or cluster RCTs to address FGM/C would pose huge ethical challenges. This existing evidence on adolescent sexual reproductive health has several limitations. Another review on adolescent fertility in LMICs suggests improved knowledge-based indicators in the intervention groups of almost all interventions evaluated; however, it is not clear that such interventions necessarily lead to short- or long-term behavior change , . To maintain sexual and reproductive health, adolescents need access to accurate information and to the safe, effective, affordable, and acceptable contraception method of their choice. European Association of Urology Guidelines on Sexual and Reproductive Health-2021 Update: Male Sexual Dysfunction The internet is a major health information resource, and online health information research is an important prerequisite for health empowerment and literacy 13,14. In addition, health literacy is the ability of individuals to obtain, process, and understand the information and services necessary to make appropriate health decisions . We used the PubMed search engine and Aurore database for the search. While the prospective measurement approach does help to reduce reliability issues like recall bias, additional research may find it useful to integrate established clinical measures as a more standardized gauge of some outcomes. Adolescents have special sexual and reproductive health needs (whether or not they are sexually active or married). Find a doctor at Weill Cornell Medicine who can help answer your questions on male sexual health. If there is no identifiable or treatable organic cause of sexual dysfunction, a mental health professional may be the best resource, but by and large a urologist will be able to rule out physical causes. There is a wide range of treatment options for men with sexual dysfunction. Bothersome changes in sexual function should be taken seriously in any event, as sexual health is an important aspect of a high quality of life for many men.” New study reveals sex life impacts are major reasons for contraceptive discontinuation Sexual health needs to be understood within specific social, economic and political contexts. “…a central aspect of being human throughout life encompasses sex, gender identities and roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy and reproduction. Sexual health is fundamental to the overall health and well-being of individuals, couples and families, and to the social and economic development of communities and countries. Additionally, 17 (23%) measure aspects of health service uptake, such as the proportion of people tested, screened or treated. While most of these indicators focus on women and girls, three of the SDG indicators are broader, looking at aspects of gender-based violence among women and men. We chose the Global Health Observatory repository because it is the hub of the WHO statistical information system, aggregating reliable and comparable health indicators from WHO Member States. Peer dynamics also occur when young people are directly involved in the community-based participatory research process, especially in sexuality education programs .Our findings are in concordance with existing reviews evaluating the effectiveness of various interventions for improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health and also collate various interventions under a broader umbrella to evaluate the combined effectiveness of these interventions.Regulatory agencies emphasizing the impact of the usage of these supplements on the health of general public and striving to impose strict regulations on these products.The research indicated that MBT did not make a significant change in a reduction of pain during sexual activities.The ADAM and AMS questionnaires evaluate andropause symptoms involved in sexual dysfunction or other symptoms of hormone deficiency in andropause, which has a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 60% in men.27,28 Our results showed that MR-10 improved symptoms based on the ADAM and AMS scales.This systematic review was based on international scientific literature and grey literature.“Male sexual dysfunction encompasses any condition that interferes with a man’s ability to enjoy sexual activity and can therefore include many scenarios,” Dr. Kashanian says.The seminal report outlined nine interventions necessary to guarantee comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services.9 As sexual health and reproductive health are deeply entwined,8 very few, if any, indicators exclusively apply to either sexual or reproductive health. In addition to affecting the health of the mother, early marriage and/or childbearing also often prevent girls from attending school and perpetuate the cycle of poverty , , . About 3 in 10 unmarried adolescent women in sub-Saharan Africa and nearly one in four in South America have ever had sex . Further studies with rigorous designs, longer term follow-up, and standardized and validated measurement instruments are required to maximize comparability of results. How to Adapt to the Favorite Media of Young People? Articles describing therapeutic interventions on the basis of mindfulness and their efficiency in reducing sexual dysfunction symptoms in men and women were sought. Many men do not self-report erectile dysfunction symptoms, thus physicians must ask about sexual health and function to elicit a diagnosis.3 In Nigeria, self-administered contraception is helping women to access their sexual and reproductive health rights “The fulfilment of sexual health is tied to the extent to which human rights are respected, protected and fulfilled. Male sexual health is all about a man’s overall ability to enjoy sexual activity, as he defines it. Part 2 in a 2-part series on male infertility and sexual health. I have a list of folks in the area that do kind of sexual health as far as having opportunities to talk and bring your partner together with these specialists as well. Intimate partner violence In addition, strategies combining several theories and concepts may have a greater effect , as seen in the TeensTalkHealth intervention , which used the IMB model combined with communication theory . This will enable all the participatory, social, and collective variables involved in the process to be measured and validated. It does not preclude assessing the effect of an intervention on a range of outcome measures . Implementing an intervention correctly will ensure better group retention. This probably reflects the need to identify implementation problems beforehand, as a lack of effect may reflect a failure in implementation rather than the ineffectiveness of the intervention . Furthermore according to Fox News report published in November 2007 popping herbal sex pills linked to increased risk of stroke, headaches and vision problems. There aren't enough studies of penis-enlargement surgery to give an accurate picture of risks and benefits. Marketers also may use data that's not accurate and questionable before-and-after photos. Marketers rely on ads with people who recommend the product. Data from animal studies have shown a positive correlation among ginseng, libido, and copulatory performances, and these effects have been confirmed in case-control studies in human. Further, AYAs should have a voice in SRHR interventions and policies that affect their lives to ensure these efforts are relevant and meet their needs. SRHR are essential to AYA's emotional, cognitive, and psychosocial development, physical and mental health, gender equality, and wider economic and social development. This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article. The study's endpoints were the final outcomes and safety measures.They include child marriage; female genital mutilation and/or cutting; the ability of women to make informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use and reproductive health care; and laws and regulations that guarantee access to sexual health care.In addition to the quarterly interviews, participants provided annual questionnaires about their academic, social experiences, family/peer interactions, general mental health, and health-related activities (e.g., substance use).A detailed framework, methodology, and other potential interventions have been discussed in separate articles , , , , , , .There have been several published studies evaluating the intracavernosal injection (ICI) of stem cells as a way of rescuing the damaged cavernous nerve.The guidelines were updated, and a strength rating for each recommendation was included based on either a systematic review of the evidence or a consensus opinion from the expert panel.There is a growing consensus that sexual health cannot be achieved and maintained without respect for, and protection of, certain human rights.It is a grade C recommendation by the American Urological Association (AUA) that all patients with ED maintain a healthy diet, increase their exercise and quit smoking.14 Additionally, findings from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial indicated that the presence of ED has been shown to be a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), therefore patients should be properly educated on this increased risk.27,28 Across the inventoried systems, measures related to the domains of service access and utilization, sexual behaviors, and adverse outcomes were measured most frequently. Of the five surveillance systems focused on health-related outcomes (Table 3), all collect data representative of the entire population, except for the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP). The remaining five data systems are primarily focused on collecting information about health-related outcomes (Table 3). Public health issues related to sexual behavior pose significant challenges in the United States. As the majority were heterosexual couples, we recommend male-focused programs recognizing men's sexuality. While these data systems provide a rich repository of information from which to assess national measures of sexual health, they present several limitations. We searched for U.S. nationally representative surveys and surveillance systems that provided individual-level sexual health data. Researchers have evaluated the efficacy of sexual and reproductive health-related and marital enhancement interventions in male-dominated societies. Addressing sexual dysfunction as it relates to a couple as opposed to just an individual has been shown to improve sexual health outcomes and satisfaction.39 Although there is a clear need for improving men's health, treatment with suitable natural substances has not yet been well established. “…a central aspect of being human throughout life encompasses sex, gender identitiesand roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy and reproduction. Violence against women is a major public health problem rooted in gender inequality and is a gross violation of women’s human rights, affecting the... The research indicated that MBT did not make a significant change in a reduction of pain during sexual activities. The success rates for venous surgery are poor, and reported complications include painful erection, penile curvature, penile pain and numbness, and skin necrosis.42–44 Due to the complications and poor outcomes venous surgery is not recommended for the treatment of ED.14 Regardless of the disease process, providers should discuss the impact of dysfunction on the overall well-being and establish care goals based on the patient’s needs.16 Similar to PE, DE must occur in at least 75% of sexual encounters for a period of at least 6 months. One option would be to use a multichannel approach for interventions. Surprisingly, young people's favorite social networks are rarely used. Concerning the online support used, interventions are mainly first developed on websites. Technology-based interventions including custom-computerized intervention in which content and delivery were based on the Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills model of health behavior change and teen-led, media literacy curriculum focused on sexual portrayals in the media were effective in improving sexual knowledge but did not have any impact on contraceptive use.The fear that your penis looks too small or is too small to satisfy your partner during sex is common.The titles and abstracts of all studies identified were screened independently by two reviewers for relevance and matched.The second most popular medium is social networks, with Facebook dominating, as already shown in a previous review of social networking sites .The initial evidence that ginseng may have positive effects on spermatogenesis was first published in 1977.The World Health Organization recommends the development of participatory sexuality education.Better understanding of how and when sexuality complements other aspects of health may yield important points to enhance existing health education and prevention efforts.Description of intervention studies, designs, and evaluation methods.Throughout the study, the investigator, rater, and participants were blinded. Copyright © 2019 International Society for Sexual Medicine. Clinicians should perform a thorough history and physical examination before treatment of these patients to prevent misdiagnoses. SSRIs are first line for the treatment of ejaculatory disorders which are more psychological in nature. PDE5 inhibitors are first line for the treatment of ED, and PRP injections are under investigation as a future option for treatment. Sexual dysfunction in men is multifaceted and quite complex; both physiologic and psychologic components contribute to the disorder. Males with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes) often suffer from sexual dysfunction.49 Studies have found the benefits of ginseng intake. While there have been significant advancements in SRHR across the globe, AYAs continue to experience disproportionately higher rates of sexually transmitted infections, human immunodeficiency virus, unintended pregnancy, reproductive coercion, and sexual exploitation, as well as violence based on sex assigned at birth, sexual orientation, and gender identity. Access to sexual and reproductive health information and healthcare, inclusive of sexual orientation, gender identity, sexual behavior, and reproduction, is critical to achieving healthy sexual development. Interventions must be designed with regard to media multiplicity, youth populations (orientations, gender identities), and a holistic sexual health approach. All sexually active adolescents, regardless of marital status, deserve to have their contraceptive needs acknowledged and responded to. Early sexual debut increases the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, and can result in unintended pregnancy and early childbearing. Sexual activity of adolescents varies markedly by gender and region; more girls compared with boys are sexually active in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and central Asia while in Latin America and Caribbean, more boys are sexually active than girls . A significant number of adolescents around the globe are sexually active, and this proportion increases steadily from mid- to late adolescence . Now, Dr. Smith, what are some of the ways that we could maybe communicate or kind of bring up some of these issues with our sexual health or concerns, etc.? And so maintaining a proper weight, maintaining a healthy diet, maintaining healthy habits, and maintaining those good health habits will impact sexual health. There seems to be a real relationship between a person's physical health and their sexual health. And then within that, there's also a fertility side of that, because sexual health can also be a fertility side as well. Developmentally focused approaches to adolescent health emphasize the complementarity of sexual health with nonsexual aspects of a young person’s overall well-being , yet existing data in adolescent poorly articulate the nature of this association. Conceptual model of the relationship between sexual health and physical, mental/emotional, and social health among adolescent women. In order to be useful from clinical, developmental, and public health perspectives, scientific efforts to understand the association between sexual health and health and well-being must both operationalize sexual health dimensions using a range of measures related to healthy sexual development and link the totality of these dimensions to a range of health-related outcomes. What are some of the elements of a man's physical health that can really impact the amount of sexual wellness they're experiencing? Sexual and reproductive health and rights Ongoing data systems focused primarily on sexual relationships (e.g., NSFG and SRRS), with only a few focusing on other relationship types such as parent-child (e.g., NLSY). In our inventory, we identified measures of school-based (e.g., NSFG and YRBSS) and provider-based (e.g., MMP) education as indicators of knowledge. Twelve of the systems assessed sexual behaviors, measuring healthy and responsible sexual behaviors (e.g., delay of sexual debut and contraceptive use) as well as risky sexual behaviors (e.g., having multiple partners). This approach is particularly important in today’s digital environment, where unverified information is increasingly accessible through social media. New measures should focus on not only the type of education and information available but also on the sources of information. Additionally, it is important to identify both available and new approaches for collecting these data across multiple sectors in different countries. Five (7%) indicators measure prevention activities such as knowledge of HIV, HPV vaccination, or dating violence prevention programmes. Ten indicators from the SDG framework and 63 indicators from the Global Health Observatory. These actions are mostly attributed to ginsenosides, the major pharmacological active components of ginseng. These disparities contribute to morbidity, mortality, and health inequities. Finally, we thank all the authors included in our review who sent us their publications. Several interactive processes (group development, group dynamics, social change) have been highlighted and could be used for the constitution and animation of social groups . Although current metrics are extensive, significant gaps remain, thus limiting our ability to address important domains of sexual health. In fact, of the few nationally representative studies that assessed sexual satisfaction or pleasure (e.g., NSSHB and SRRS) and sexual functioning (e.g., NSHAP and SRRS), most were infrequently repeated. Additionally, we were interested in the measurement of relationship quality between partners as well as with peers, parents, providers, and others that can affect sexual health. Similarly, the lack of questions about sexual orientation and gender identity in national surveys limits our understanding of health disparities affecting LGBT individuals across the life span.45 These indicators can measure the real impact of an intervention on sexual health. Peer dynamics also occur when young people are directly involved in the community-based participatory research process, especially in sexuality education programs . Interactive online interventions for sexual health promotion can also lead to better knowledge, self-efficacy, and positive sexual behavior, and have demonstrated a reduction in STIs . The aim of this review is to describe existing published studies on online participatory intervention methods used to promote the sexual health of adolescents and young adults. Even within the context of these limitations, the data presented here provide evidence as to the potential intersection between young women’s experiences with sexual health and other nonsexual outcomes. Most trials failed to utilize allocation concealment, blinding, and randomization to optimize their outcomes. But, further efforts are needed, especially at the national and community levels, to bring changes in behaviors and practices . Subgroup analyses showed no statistically significant differences by intervention setting or type of participants. Subgroup analysis for HICs and LMICs could not be conducted due to limited number of studies in LMIC settings (Table 2). Number of group sessions varied from study to study, ranging from three sessions to nine sessions. Therefore, data collected must include key sociodemographic and contextual characteristics to provide a more comprehensive understanding of sexual health needs and if these needs are currently being met. The international development community lacks consensus on the definitions of some sexual health terms. Such data can provide insights into diverse and evolving aspects of sexual health, which can be shared with communities, used to develop advocacy messages and inform policy and community health priorities.18 In addition to developing new indicators, organizations like WHO should agree on a core set of sexual health and well-being indicators to be prioritized for inclusion in global reporting. Third, sexual health questions should be integrated into broader health data collection tools to provide a more holistic understanding of the factors affecting sexual health, such as mental health or noncommunicable diseases. In addition to the quarterly interviews, participants provided annual questionnaires about their academic, social experiences, family/peer interactions, general mental health, and health-related activities (e.g., substance use). In each interview, participants could provide information on up to five “partners”—identified by initials or first name—including friends, dating partners, boyfriends, and sexual partners. Such findings are echoed in emerging adults, among whom sexual enjoyment and sexual satisfaction are linked to higher quality daily interpersonal interactions, increased autonomy, and improved empathy 14,15. Therefore, MR-10 may be a safe and effective nutraceutical agent for the treatment of andropause symptoms and for improving men's health. DHEA also has various antiaging effects, including reduced inflammation and improved blood flow, bone metabolism, sexual function, and physical strength.41,42 In addition, DHEA reduces the symptoms of andropause in aging men.42,43 Therefore, MR-10 improved the andropausal symptoms related to male vitality, emotional state, joint and muscle pain, sleep, and sexual function by about 20%. AMS can quantitatively evaluate andropause symptoms including psychological, somatic, and sexual symptoms.26 Therefore, we evaluated in a quantitative manner whether MR-10 improved andropause symptoms. Finally, some of the broader societal determinants of sexual health (e.g., stigma and discrimination) as well as important individual predictors (e.g., self-efficacy) that influence sexual behavior are not sufficiently available in existing national data systems. Although not included as a primary focus of public health efforts, sexual satisfaction, pleasure, and functioning are important domains of sexual health.46 However, these topics do not appear on ongoing, frequent national surveys. Notably, apart from NSHAP and SRRS, there are limited sexual health-related data from nationally representative, ongoing surveys on older adults—of particular importance when considering issues of sexual functioning. Positive sexually related experiences in romantic relationships during adolescence may complement physical, mental/emotional, and social health. While essential to achieve gender equality, the need to focus on men’s sexual health is equally critical. For example, data disaggregation should include people of all age groups; diverse sexual orientation and gender identities; key populations such as sex workers and people who inject drugs; people with disabilities; and other vulnerable and minority groups, as relevant to the country context. Agreeing on key concepts related to sexual health and their definition is needed to prevent stigmatization of certain sexual behaviours, reduce discrimination in access to services and ensure comparability across different contexts. This approach can include both strengthening data collection modules in health management information systems, and conducting surveys and other smaller studies to test our new indicators in diverse population groups. Ensure comprehensive sexuality education While these analyses provide important information on impact of sexual health on nonsexual aspects of physical, mental/emotional, and social health in an urban sample of racially/ethnically diverse young women, additional data will be needed to evaluate our findings in other demographically and geographically balanced samples. A key contribution of these data is their demonstration that higher physical, mental/emotional, and social health may concomitantly emerge with the developmentally normal range of sexually related experiences young people have during adolescence . Our data address this gap by linking a multidimensional measure of sexual health to different physical, mental/emotional, and social health variables in a cohort of adolescent women. Guided by the World Health Organization and National Commission on Adolescent Sexual Health (NCASH) definitions of sexual health, as well as our own empirical research 20-22, we first identified four dimensions of well-being—emotional, physical, mental/attitudinal, and social—related to sexuality. Evidence- and rights-based national policies, guidelines and legislation play a key role in improving sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and...Our empirical studies on sexual health have operationalized these definitions 20-22, demonstrating that these four dimensions work collectively as a single measure, with this measure predicting fewer partners, more frequent condom use, lower sexually transmitted infection (STI), and less frequent sexual coercion 20-22.In addition, ginseng is found to improve the sperm quality and count of healthy individuals as well as patients with treatment-related infertility.Forsexual health to be attained and maintained, the sexual rights of all persons must be respected,protected and fulfilled.” (WHO, 2006a)However, current measurement gaps indicate the need to modify existing surveys, where feasible and appropriate, and develop new tools to include additional indicators that address positive domains of sexual health of the U.S. population across the life span.Parent-directed interventions were also effective in improving sexual knowledge, and the interventions included a 20-minute video filmed, which addressed decision-making regarding future planning for the parent and child, parent–child communication about sexual decision-making, followed by role-playing and a condom demonstration.Low sexual desire includes a lack of interest in thinking about sex or in being sexual, either alone or with a partner.2 Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the consistent or recurrent inability to attain or maintain a penile erection sufficient for sexual satisfaction.2 Erectile dysfunction is a quite common condition. One explanation for this conflicting set of findings among adolescents is that most studies only examine the impact of one or two single sexual health indicators rather than a full set of healthy sexual development measures, as predictors of health. The centrality of sexuality and relationships during the adolescent years could mean they also play a critical role in the development of young people’s physical, mental/emotional, and social health 3,9-11. This approach will make the sexual health components of sexual and reproductive health and rights more visible and will be much harder to overlook, ultimately supporting efforts to achieve UHC. As a result, current indicators fail to capture the experience of sexual health, the impacts of social structures and norms on bodily autonomy, and the importance of sexual health and well-being to overall quality of life. Sexual health requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relations, and the ability to have enjoyable and safe sexual experiences that are free from coercion, discrimination, and violence . The World Health Organization recommends the development of participatory sexuality education. We also do not have a clear understanding of how the structure of sexual health and related nonsexual behaviors function in the relationships of young men. Moreover, it is unclear how sexual health may promote nonsexual health in young women who choose same-sex partners or those who choose both same-sex and opposite sex relationships. Ongoing efforts to realign adolescent health initiatives—both sexual and nonsexual—away from risk-based perspectives and toward skill-based perspectives will continue to benefit from empirical understanding of the specific contexts in which adolescent experiences overlap. We found existing systematic reviews on interventions for improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health; however, they were limited in their scope to a particular strategy such as school-based interventions , , peer-led interventions , mass media , , and youth centers ; geographic settings , ; or limited to trial data only , . Future efforts should be directed toward scaling-up evidence-based interventions to improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health in low- and middle-income countries, sustain the impacts over time, and ensure equitable outcomes. Sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) encompasses the right to comprehensive, medically accurate, and evidence-based sexual health information and healthcare services, as well as the ability to understand and exercise these rights. It aims to provide guidance for interventions that meet the expectations of national and international strategies on youth sexuality education. This review describes existing interventions in participatory sexuality education for young people on the internet. For instance, people with noncommunicable diseases have an elevated risk of sexual dysfunction.17 Improved data on sexual health will enable providers, researchers and policy-makers to better understand what factors drive sexual health and well-being. Additionally, despite the importance of education and information for awareness of sexual health needs and access to services, comprehensive sexuality education is almost absent among the available indicators. A The total does not sum to 11 because one indicator is included under both comprehensive sexuality education and sexual health and well-being. Companies offer many types of nonsurgical penis-enlargement treatments. The fear that your penis looks too small or is too small to satisfy your partner during sex is common. Tune in to learn why it is crucial for our overall health and when, how and by whom it should be provided. Urologists are often the first point of contact men have with the health-care system. “Erectile dysfunction is often caused by vascular disease,” he says. Sexual dysfunction is strongly correlated with age and certain chronic conditions. Sexual health encompasses physical, mental and emotional health, and it may have different measures of success from man to man, says Dr. James Kashanian, Director of Male Sexual Health and Assistant Professor of Urology and Reproductive Medicine at Weill Cornell Medicine. In fact, half of men diagnosed with diabetes experience erectile dysfunction within 10 years of their diagnosis. The male-focused marital relationship enrichment and sexual well-being interventions: A scoping review We used Michie’s taxonomy to analyze the BCT used by interventions, depending on the information available in the intervention. A process study provides evidence on the implementation and feasibility of an intervention, and also rates the intervention for attractiveness and acceptability. An effectiveness study is defined as a demonstration of an intervention’s efficacy in natural situations. Protocol articles are planned studies containing only the conceptual and evaluative methods intended for intervention research. Description of intervention studies, designs, and evaluation methods. Identified interventions are deployed on many internet media and have shown their feasibility, practical interest, and attractiveness. Finally, wide variations in interventions made it inappropriate to synthesize the results using a meta-analysis. In this paper, we examine the availability and adequacy of global indicators used to understand the current state of sexual health and track progress in population-level health outcomes over time. We summarize the indicators for each component of sexual health using the Guttmacher–Lancet Commission framework, highlighting gaps in current indicators, and recommend areas where additional indicators are needed along with strategies on how to improve data availability, quality and inclusiveness. Without comparable global indicators for each component of sexual health across the individual, health systems and policy levels, and disaggregated across subgroups including all genders, there is a considerable lack of insight into people’s sexual health needs and progress towards meeting those needs. Achieving the sexual health components of sexual and reproductive health and rights as outlined in the sustainable development goals (SDGs) is integral to overall physical and mental well-being and a core part of universal health coverage. Protocol for a multi-country implementation research study to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of context-specific actions to train and support facilitators to deliver sexuality education to young people in out-of-school settings. It has been shown that the sperm count of ejaculated sperms that were incubated with ginseng extract was significantly higher than those treated with vehicle.41 Treatment with ginsenoside Rg1 (50 μg/ml) significantly increases sperm motility and membrane integrity of post-thawed sperms as compared with fresh and untreated thawed sperms.42 These findings suggest that the addition of ginseng extract to the cryogen for sperm storage could enhance fertility. The initial evidence that ginseng may have positive effects on spermatogenesis was first published in 1977. Studies on rodents reveal that both Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng)16 and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium)17 can facilitate copulatory behavior. It has also been used to enhance sex performance and satisfaction. Group-based comprehensive risk reduction has been reported as an effective strategy to reduce adolescent pregnancy, HIV, and STIs while effectiveness of group-based abstinence education was inconclusive . Overall, there was limited and inconclusive evidence for the effectiveness of interventions to prevent intimate partner violence. Summary of findings for the effect of interventions to prevent female genital mutilation Subgroup analysis suggests that these interventions significantly improved knowledge of harmful consequences in both men and women. A total of 11 studies , , , , , , , , , , (eight included in existing review + three new studies) were included, mostly from Africa. There is a growing consensus that sexual health cannot be achieved and maintained without respect for, and protection of, certain human rights. “…a state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being in relation to sexuality; it is not merely the absence of disease, dysfunction or infirmity. In general use in many languages, the term sex is often used to mean “sexual activity”, but for technical purposes in the context of sexuality and sexual health discussions, the above definition is preferred. Aurore is a database of Institut National d’Études Démographiques (a French public research institute) that combines scientific databases and grey literature, allowing access to a range of databases and electronic journals. After selection based on title and abstract screening, the full text of 125 references was evaluated. For the final studies selection phase, the degree of interreader agreement was assessed for both readers through the calculation of the κ coefficient. Reports were assessed by two reviewers (PM and LC), who screened the titles and abstracts to identify relevant studies. Nevertheless, their uses are for the most part “passive,” and social networking sites are not yet used as tools for multidimensional communication and networking . Adolescent health and the importance of sexuality education “Promoting sexual and reproductive health and rights requires challenging harmful and unequal gender power relations by working with men alongside women,” said co-author Dr Maria Lohan, UNESCO Chair in Masculinities and Gender Equality at Queen’s University Belfast. More research is needed to address the impact of harmful masculinities on sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), according to a new priority research agenda drawing on a global survey of researchers that was published today in The Lancet Global Health. In future studies, the mindfulness-based monotherapies should be implemented to verify their potential in reducing symptoms of sexual dysfunction. Evidence-based data were found on the efficacy of MBT in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction in 1 study. I'm not saying there needs to be dysfunction there. Oftentimes when I have younger men who come into the office with erectile problems, a large portion of them have what's considered psychogenic erectile dysfunction. And that may or may not affect things as much as we would think, but heavy use of alcohol can also affect cardiovascular health and affect a lot of other things as well. A lot of studies that are out there on alcohol consumption show that one or two drinks . “Peer education” is actually an exchange of experiences and information between peers in “real life,” integrating the notion of “shared education” , and is thus well suited to these interventions. Web-based interventions also raise the challenges of security, privacy, and anonymity. One way to remain close to the interests of young people is to integrate promising new media in interventions, such as videos and games. Only one intervention was on Instagram , three were on YouTube, and none were on Snapchat. The second most popular medium is social networks, with Facebook dominating, as already shown in a previous review of social networking sites . For a description of the methods of each intervention, see Multimedia Appendix 6. No intervention provides punitive measures or remuneration for the conduct of the behavior sought. AAn intervention can use several theories or several supports and contain different functionalities. We present a case report of an individual with bipolar disorder and hypersexual behavior who became victim to over the counter sexual enhancement products/supplements which caused serious health and life threatening consequences. These sexual enhancement products are being sold as safe and natural with false hopes to resolve erectile dysfunction. Safety and quality concerns regarding over the counter sexual enhancement products sold in the USA market pose a major health risk to the general public. Countries are increasingly acknowledging the importance of equipping young people with the knowledge and skills to make responsible choices in their lives, particularly in a context where they have greater exposure to sexually explicit material through the Internet and other media. Also, men's health in terms of mental, physical, and sexual aspects, as determined by using the clinical questionnaires Androgen Deficiency of Aging Men and Aging Males' Symptoms, was improved. Fertility care is part of health care We then selected 13 quarterly interview scales to operationalize these well-being dimensions, hypothesizing that these measures would coalesce, or hang together, as a single construct, to predict our health and well-being outcomes of interest. For the current study, we drew a subset of data consisting of any annual questionnaires whose collection date overlapped with quarterly interviews. All physical, mental/emotional, and social health measures were taken from these questionnaires. Men's health specialist John Smith, DO, discusses male sexual health holistically. When it comes to sexual health for men, the discussion often focuses on sexual performance and STIs. We lead WHO’s work on sexual and reproductive health across the life course. Components of sexual health Categorizations of mild, moderate, severe are based on level of stress brought upon the patient. Mild is considered 30 seconds to 1 minute; moderate is seconds; severe is less than 15 seconds.25 Questionnaires have been developed for PE which include Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT), the Premature Ejaculation Profile (PEP), Index of Premature Ejaculation, the Multiple Indicators of Premature Ejaculation, and the Checklist for Early Ejaculation Symptoms (AUA cited studies 65-69). PE can be categorized into mild, moderate, severe based on amount of time from to ejaculation. With ultrasound, there is also the added benefit of lower cost and easy accessibility.21,22 Prior to an invasive treatment (intralesional injection treatment, surgical resection of lesion, or penile prosthesis) PD patients must undergo color doppler ultrasound during pharmaco-induced erection to assess penile vasculature.18,23 Data quality was rated to be “moderate” since the study designs were not robust (included RCTs, quasi and pre–post studies), substantial statistical heterogeneity, and limited generalizability. Clinic-based interventions comprising counseling, skills building, and case management services improved mean knowledge. For interventions to prevent FGM/C, we updated the review by Berg and Denison and also broadened its scope to include studies outside of Africa. Information was extracted on study design, geographical setting, intervention type and description, mode of delivery, and outcomes assessed. Sexual health-related issues are wide-ranging, and encompass sexual orientation and gender identity, sexual expression, relationships, and pleasure.While these analyses provide important information on impact of sexual health on nonsexual aspects of physical, mental/emotional, and social health in an urban sample of racially/ethnically diverse young women, additional data will be needed to evaluate our findings in other demographically and geographically balanced samples.Peer interaction is thus enabled by most interventions and is described as strengthening an intervention’s capacity to change behaviors, even if professionals are involved.Sexual health is an intrinsic element of human health and is based on a positive, equitable, and respectful approach to sexuality, relationships, and reproduction, that is free of coercion, fear, discrimination, stigma, shame, and violence.The six surveys and surveillance systems that address the general population (Table 1) include two that focus primarily on issues related to sexual health (the National Survey of Family Growth NSFG and the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior NSSHB), with the rest covering a range of topics broader than sexual health. Our review identified 37 different interventions, which were the subjects of 60 articles. CAn intervention can evaluate several outcomes or process components. Descriptive data on the intervention types, online supports, and features are shown in Table 3 (for a description of each intervention, see Multimedia Appendix 4). Description of the characteristics of the 60 articles and the 37 interventions. All the studies included in this systematic review are available in Multimedia Appendix 3. Learn about the often-overlooked physiological, social, and mental factors that can impact a man's sexual health. Efforts are needed to broaden existing surveys, where feasible and appropriate, as well as develop new measurement tools, providing data that can better inform the development of effective policy actions, services, prevention programs, and resource allocation to advance sexual health. This collation includes a comprehensive repository of well-developed existing indicators to inform sexual health research and surveillance efforts. The breadth and domains of measured sexual health data varied among the data systems we inventoried. However, population-based surveys are frequently not large enough to assess the sexual health of population subgroups,44 such as older adults and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals. Different populations experience different sexual health outcomes and needs throughout the life span. However, in addition to identifying the potential of existing systems to inform efforts to assess and track important indicators of sexual health, we also identified gaps and challenges. Measures of adverse health outcomes related to sexual health, including HIV/AIDS, STDs, unintended pregnancy, and sexual violence—a primary focus of public health prevention efforts—were measured in 13 of the systems. We studied each to determine survey methodology, including population, sample size (estimates or most recent sample size), frequency, and period of data collection (as relevant to questions related to sexual health) as of January 2012. The guidelines were updated, and a strength rating for each recommendation was included based on either a systematic review of the evidence or a consensus opinion from the expert panel. Further evaluations are also needed to validate some of the medicinal benefits using modern analytical tools and technology-based analyses. Expression of progesterone receptor (PR) was observed on human sperms, and a strong correlation between PR expression and sperm function has been demonstrated.71 Intriguingly, unlike estrogens, progesterone promotes the capacitated sperm to undergo acrosomal reaction.72,73 In concordance, a handful of in vitro studies have demonstrated an inhibitory action of progesterone on estrogens and vice versa. Androgen receptor (AR) is abundantly expressed in male genital tissues and in spermatozoa,56 and its expression is significantly decreased in infertile men.57 Ginsenoside Rb1 and Re have been reported to be AR agonists, through which these ginsenosides stimulate NO production via the activation of NOS.58,59 Ginseng berry extract GB0710, of which ginsenoside Re is the key ingredient, could improve erectile dysfunction in rats by inducing NO production.10 Re-induced NO production in sperm has also been shown to be involved in capacitation and acrosome reaction, and that these effects could be a result of the non-genomic activities of the Re-AR interaction.40 Ginseng enhances sexual performance, improves male fertility through modulating the neuronal and hormonal systems, promotes spermatogenesis, and acts directly on sperms via steroid receptors.In other words, increasing testosterone levels in aging men improves their health and physical activity.The beneficial effects have been scientifically evaluated and confirmed in meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials.6 For example, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 45 men with moderate to severe erectile dysfunction had found improvement in their scores on erectile performance and sexual satisfaction after treated with three times daily doses of 900 mg Korean red ginseng for 8 wk.7 A similar study on 60 men with erectile dysfunction also reported marked improvement in erectile function including rigidity, penetration, and maintenance of erection after taking Korean red ginseng (1000 mg) three times daily for 12 wk.8Ginseng is a vital constituent of traditional Chinese medicine and has been used to treat various physical conditions for thousands of years, importantly as an aphrodisiac and is used to treat sexual dysfunction as well as to enhance sexual behavior and gonadal functions (Fig. 1).As men age, so does the prevalence of medical conditions that can affect sexual health, says Dr. Kashanian.Any disagreements on selection of studies between these two primary abstractors were resolved by the third reviewer.This approach will make the sexual health components of sexual and reproductive health and rights more visible and will be much harder to overlook, ultimately supporting efforts to achieve UHC. Future research may seek to deeply explore the ways in which dyad members mutually influence each other’s propensity to choose or not choose health promoting behaviors. At enrollment, many (87%–90%) reported experience with hand holding, kissing, and breast touching; fewer had experience with oral genital (33%–56%), vaginal sex (34%), or anal sex (12%). We conducted one model per health measure, resulting in a total of 17 total models. Data collection procedures remained the same throughout the duration of the study. The ADAM score was determined before and after treatment with 400 mg/day MR-10 for 4 weeks. In the placebo control group, the prevalence was similar before and after treatment (Fig. 3). In the MR-10 treatment group, the prevalence of andropause dropped from about 80% to 42% after taking MR-10 for a month at 400 mg/day (Table 2). In the MR-10 treatment group, the level of SHBG was reduced in ∼68% of the men, whereas the number of men in the placebo control group with reduced SHBG levels was not statistically significant (Fig. 2A). Furthermore, we found a dearth of evidence on interventions for improving sexual health of adolescents living in LMICs where the majority of the adolescent population of the world resides. Our findings are in concordance with existing reviews evaluating the effectiveness of various interventions for improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health and also collate various interventions under a broader umbrella to evaluate the combined effectiveness of these interventions. Our review suggests that sexual and reproductive health education, counseling, and contraceptive availability are effective in increasing adolescent knowledge related to sexual health, contraceptive use, and decreasing adolescent pregnancy. All media can be used to disseminate information among young people, either top-down (from an educator to a young person) or cross-functionally (between peers). As noted by some authors 11,31,32, ethical and data security frameworks need to be strengthened. This data would be less easy to protect in terms of security, confidentiality, and privacy, especially against cyberstalking, requiring moderation at all times. To know what is preferred by young people, it is therefore necessary to have measures of attractiveness. It is imperative that physicians take a detailed history of sexual health and function to find a diagnosis.But today, we're going to maybe explore some of the other elements of sexual health for men with an expert in the field.In health promotion, digital media interventions for sexual health have great potential because of the scope and popularity of technologies such as the internet and mobile phones, especially among young people 11,12.This resulted in the inclusion of 76 updated studies across the Guidelines.We report the findings from a Cochrane review by Fellmeth et al. focusing on educational and skills-based interventions targeted at young people aged 12–25 years for preventing intimate partner violence with an AMSTAR rating of 11 .We also did not address any bidirectionality between our sexual health measure, and the markers of physical, mental/emotional, and social health.In addition to affecting the health of the mother, early marriage and/or childbearing also often prevent girls from attending school and perpetuate the cycle of poverty , , .For example, among midage and older age adults, frequency of partnered sex, sexual, and relational satisfaction correlates with better overall self-reported physical and psychological health 12,13. Sexual health is an intrinsic element of human health and is based on a positive, equitable, and respectful approach to sexuality, relationships, and reproduction, that is free of coercion, fear, discrimination, stigma, shame, and violence. Sexual health has been defined as “a state of well-being in relation to sexuality across the life span that involves physical, emotional, mental, social, and spiritual dimensions. Such data can inform the development of effective policy actions, services, prevention programs, and resource allocation to advance sexual health. However, current measurement gaps indicate the need to modify existing surveys, where feasible and appropriate, and develop new tools to include additional indicators that address positive domains of sexual health of the U.S. population across the life span. Nationally representative data systems provide opportunities to measure a broad array of domains of sexual health. Studies were excluded if they targeted age groups other than adolescents and youth or did not report segregated data for the age group of interest. For the purpose of this review, the adolescent population was defined as aged 11–19 years; however, since many studies targeted youth (aged 15–24 years) along with adolescents, exceptions were made to include studies targeting adolescents and youth. In LMICs, adolescent pregnancy is a severe impediment to development and can lead to a number of challenges including abandonment by their partners, school dropout, and lost productivity, which ultimately limits their future social and economic opportunities leading to intergenerational transmission of poverty , . Our extraction grid was developed using the PICOTS (populations, interventions, comparators, outcomes, timing, and setting) elements , and was completed using Michie’s taxonomy to collect information on the behavior change techniques (BCT) used by interventions. For example, the popularity of social networking sites and their interactive features have great potential to reach young people, and offer a new way to engage and communicate with AYAs, including the provision of appropriate education . Adolescence and the transition to adulthood marks the entry into sexuality. A total of 60 articles were included, which described 37 interventions; several articles were published about the same intervention. Investments are needed to identify or develop a comprehensive set of harmonized indicators that effectively monitor access to and quality of all the domains of sexual health within national systems. The current sexual health indicators are inadequate as they primarily focus on the prevalence of HIV, sexually transmitted infections and gender-based violence, while overlooking other important domains of sexual health. Most sexual health indicators from these sources relate to sexually transmitted infections and gender-based violence, primarily focusing on the prevalence or incidence of disease or infirmity. In the SDG framework, the largest number of sexual health indicators (five out of 10; 50%) focus on gender-based violence. We systematically reviewed all published literature up to December 2014 on interventions to improve sexual health in adolescent population focusing on sex education, preventing unintended adolescent pregnancy, intimate partner violence, and FGM/C. Finally, while several of the data systems gauged attitudes on a wide range of sexual health topics (e.g., homosexuality, cohabitation, and condoms), very few attitudes are measured in ongoing, frequent national surveys. The data systems we identified include a broad range of existing indicators measuring individual-level sexual health of both general and special populations and cover multiple domains, with particular emphasis on service access and utilization, sexual behaviors, and adverse health outcomes. To identify potential indicators of sexual health within nationally representative surveys and surveillance systems, we reviewed and inventoried existing data systems including a range of parameters relevant to sexual health. Most importantly, apart from data on service utilization, routinely gathered, national data are currently focused primarily on negative aspects of sexual health (e.g., risk behaviors and adverse health outcomes) rather than more positive attributes (e.g., healthy communication and attitudes, and relationship quality). Hence, indicators should not only focus on preventing and treating adverse sexual outcomes but also on improving the quality of sexual experiences and relationships. Similarly, in the Global Health Observatory, gender-based violence indicators are the second most common, with six out of 63 (10%), following those related to sexually transmitted infections. For example, for indicators related to hepatitis, we included the incidence or prevalence of hepatitis B and C, as they are sexually transmitted, but did not include the incidence of chronic hepatitis, which is not sexually transmitted. These indicators cover physical, sexual and psychological violence and harassment, child sexual violence and the prevention of dating violence. Other sexually transmitted infection indicators cover syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and hepatitis B and C. Among these, HIV indicators are the most prevalent, accounting for 25 (51%) of the 49 sexually transmitted infection indicators in the Global Health Observatory, and the only SDG indicator. The Public should be educated at local, state and national levels to avoid miss use of sexual enhancement products purchased through the internet or over-the-counter. Patient was encouraged do not use over the counter sexual enhancement products; he was referred to primary care provider regarding consultation for erectile dysfunction. Universal health coverage Self-care for health and well-being Young people are disproportionately affected by unsafe abortion, yet their perspectives are often missing from research and policy. It is a resource for educational... The curriculum guide is the third volume in the Self-care competency framework to support health and care workers.